(G)
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Entries in terminfo source files consist of a number of fields separated by commas. White space after each comma is ignored. The first line of each terminal description in the terminfo database gives the name by which terminfo knows the terminal, separated by bar (|) characters. The first name given is the most common abbreviation for the terminal (this is the one to use to set the environment variable TERM in $HOME .profile; see profile(M)); the last name given should be a long name fully identifying the terminal, and all others are understood as synonyms for the terminal name. All names but the last should contain no blanks and must be unique in the first 14 characters; the last name may contain blanks for readability.
Terminal names
(except for the last verbose entry) should be chosen using
the following conventions.
The particular piece of hardware making
up the terminal should have a root name chosen,
for example,
for the AT&T 4425 terminal, att4425.
Modes that the hardware can be in, or user preferences,
should be indicated by appending a hyphen and
an indicator of the mode.
See
term(M)
for examples and more information
on choosing names and synonyms.
In the following tables, a ``Variable'' is the name by which a C programmer accesses a capability (at the terminfo level). A ``Capname'' is the short name for a capability used in the source description. It is used by a person updating the database and by the tput(C) command when asking what the value of the capability is for a particular terminal. A ``Termcap Code'' is a two-letter code that corresponds to the old termcap capability name.
Capability names have no hard length limit, but an informal limit of five characters has been adopted to keep them short. Whenever possible, names are chosen to be the same as or similar to those specified by the ANSI X3.64-1979 standard. Semantics are also intended to match those of the ANSI standard.
All string capabilities listed below may have padding specified, with the exception of those used for input. Input capabilities, listed under the ``Strings'' section in the following table, have names beginning with key_. The following indicators may appear at the end of the ``Description'' for a variable.
))Booleans ordered by variable name
| Variable | Cap- | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| auto_left_margin | bw | bw | cub1 wraps from column 0 to last column |
| auto_right_margin | am | am | Terminal has automatic margins |
| back_color_erase | bce | be | Screen erased with background color |
| can_change | ccc | cc | Terminal can re-define existing color |
| ceol_standout_glitch | xhp | xs | Standout not erased by overwriting (hp) |
| col_addr_glitch | xhpa | YA | Only positive motion for hpa/mhpa caps |
| cpi_changes_res | cpix | YF |
Changing character pitch changes
resolution |
| cr_cancels_micro_mode | crxm | YB | Using cr turns off micro mode |
| eat_newline_glitch | xenl | xn |
Newline ignored after 80 columns
(Concept) |
| erase_overstrike | eo | eo | Can erase overstrikes with a blank |
| generic_type | gn | gn |
Generic line type (for example, dialup,
switch) |
| hard_copy | hc | hc | Hardcopy terminal |
| hard_cursor | chts | HC | Cursor is hard to see |
| has_meta_key | km | km | Has a meta key (shift, sets parity bit) |
| has_print_wheel | daisy | YC | Printer needs operator to change character set |
| has_status_line | hs | hs | Has extra ``status line'' |
| hue_lightness_saturation | hls | hl |
color notation (Tektronix) |
| insert_null_glitch | in | in | Insert mode distinguishes nulls |
| lpi_changes_res | lpix | YG | Changing line pitch changes resolution |
| memory_above | da | da | Display may be retained above the screen |
| memory_below | db | db | Display may be retained below the screen |
| move_insert_mode | mir | mi | Safe to move while in insert mode |
| move_standout_mode | msgr | ms | Safe to move in standout modes |
| needs_xon_xoff | nxon | nx | Padding won't work, xon/xoff required |
| no_esc_ctlc | xsb | xb | Beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C) |
| no_pad_char | npc | NP | Pad character doesn't exist |
| non_dest_scroll_region | ndscr | ND | Scrolling region is non-destructive |
| non_rev_rmcup | nrrmc | NR | smcup does not reverse rmcup |
| over_strike | os | os | Terminal overstrikes on hard-copy terminal |
| prtr_silent | mc5i | ||
| row_addr_glitch | xvpa | YD | Only positive motion for vpa/mvpa caps |
| semi_auto_right_margin | sam | YE | Printing in last column causes cr |
| status_line_esc_ok | eslok | es | Escape can be used on the status line |
| dest_tabs_magic_smso | xt | xt | Destructive tabs, magic smso char (t1061) |
| tilde_glitch | hz | hz | Hazeltine; cannot print tilde (~) |
| transparent_underline | ul | ul | Underline character overstrikes |
| xon_xoff | xon | xo | Terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking |
| Variable | Cap- | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| buffer_capacity | bufsz | Ya | Number of bytes buffered before printing |
| columns | cols | co | Number of columns in a line |
| dot_vert_spacing | spinv | Yb | Spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch |
| dot_horz_spacing | spinh | Yc | Spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch |
| init_tabs | it | it | Tabs initially every # spaces |
| label_height | lh | lh | Number of rows in each label |
| label_width | lw | lw | Number of columns in each label |
| lines | lines | li | Number of lines on a screen or a page |
| lines_of_memory | lm | lm | Lines of memory if > lines; 0 means varies |
| magic_cookie_glitch | xmc | sg | Number of blank characters left by smso or rmso |
| max_attributes | ma | ma |
Maximum combined video attributes
terminal can display |
| max_colors | colors | Co | Maximum number of colors on the screen |
| max_micro_address | maddr | Yd | Maximum value in micro_..._address |
| max_micro_jump | mjump | Ye | Maximum value in parm_..._micro |
| max_pairs | pairs | pa | Maximum number of color-pairs on the screen |
| maximum_windows | wnum | MW | Maximum number of definable windows |
| micro_col_size | mcs | Yf | Character step size when in micro mode |
| micro_line_size | mls | Yg | Line step size when in micro mode |
| no_color_video | ncv | NC | Video attributes that can't be used with colors |
| number_of_pins | npins | Yh | Number of pins in print-head |
| num_labels | nlab | Nl | Number of labels on screen (start at 1) |
| output_res_char | orc | Yi | Horizontal resolution in units per character |
| output_res_line | orl | Yj | Vertical resolution in units per line |
| output_res_horz_inch | orhi | Yk | Horizontal resolution in units per inch |
| output_res_vert_inch | orvi | Yl | Vertical resolution in units per inch |
| padding_baud_rate | pb | pb | Lowest baud rate where padding needed |
| print_rate | cps | Ym | Print rate in characters per second |
| virtual_terminal | vt | vt | Virtual terminal number (UNIX system) |
| wide_char_size | widcs | Yn | Character step size when in double wide mode |
| width_status_line | wsl | ws | Number of columns in status line |
| Variable | Cap- | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| acs_chars | acsc | ac | Graphic charset pairs aAbBcC - def=vt100 |
| back_tab | cbt | bt | Back tab |
| bell | bel | bl | Audible signal (bell) |
| carriage_return | cr | cr |
Carriage return ()
|
| change_char_pitch | cpi | ZA |
Change number of characters per inch()
|
| change_line_pitch | lpi | ZB |
Change number of lines per inch()
|
| change_res_horz | chr | ZC |
Change horizontal resolution()
|
| change_res_vert | cvr | ZD |
Change vertical resolution()
|
| change_scroll_region | csr | cs | Change to lines #1 through #2 (vt100) (G) |
| char_padding | rmp | rP | Like ip but when in replace mode |
| char_set_names | csnm | Zy | List of character set names |
| clear_all_tabs | tbc | ct | Clear all tab stops |
| clear_margins | mgc | MC | Clear all margins (top, bottom, and sides) |
| clear_screen | clear | cl |
Clear screen and home cursor ()
|
| clr_bol | el1 | cb | Clear to beginning of line, inclusive |
| clr_eol | el | ce | Clear to end of line |
| clr_eos | ed | cd |
Clear to end of display ()
|
| column_address | hpa | ch | Horizontal position absolute (G) |
| command_character | cmdch | CC | Terminal settable cmd character in prototype |
| create_window | cwin | CW | Define win #1 to go from #2,#3 to #4,#5 |
| cursor_address | cup | cm | Move to row #1 col #2 (G) |
| cursor_down | cud1 | do | Down one line |
| cursor_home | home | ho | Home cursor (if no cup) |
| cursor_invisible | civis | vi | Make cursor invisible |
| cursor_left | cub1 | le | Move left one space |
| cursor_mem_address | mrcup | CM | Memory relative cursor addressing (G) |
| cursor_normal | cnorm | ve | Make cursor appear normal (undo vs/vi) |
| cursor_right | cuf1 | nd |
Non-destructive space
(cursor or carriage right) |
| cursor_to_ll | ll | ll | Last line, first column (if no cup) |
| cursor_up | cuu1 | up | Upline (cursor up) |
| cursor_visible | cvvis | vs | Make cursor very visible |
| define_char | defc | ZE |
Define a character in a character set ()
|
| delete_character | dch1 | dc |
Delete character ()
|
| delete_line | dl1 | dl |
Delete line ()
|
| delete_phone | dial | DI | Dial phone number #1 |
| dis_status_line | dsl | ds | Disable status line |
| display_clock | dclk | DK | Display time-of-day clock |
| display_pc_char | dispc | S1 | Displays PC character |
| down_half_line | hd | hd | Half-line down (forward 1/2 linefeed) |
| ena_acs | enacs | eA | Enable alternate character set |
| enter_alt_charset_mode | smacs | as | Start alternate character set |
| enter_am_mode | smam | SA | Turn on automatic margins |
| enter_blink_mode | blink | mb | Turn on blinking |
| enter_bold_mode | bold | md | Turn on bold (extra bright) mode |
| enter_ca_mode | smcup | ti | String to begin programs that use cup |
| enter_delete_mode | smdc | dm | Delete mode (enter) |
| enter_dim_mode | dim | mh | Turn on half-bright mode |
| enter_doublewide_mode | swidm | ZF | Enable double wide printing |
| enter_draft_quality | sdrfq | ZG | Set draft quality print |
| enter_insert_mode | smir | im | Insert mode (enter) |
| enter_italics_mode | sitm | ZH | Enable italics |
| enter_leftward_mode | slm | ZI | Enable leftward carriage motion |
| enter_micro_mode | smicm | ZJ | Enable micro motion capabilities |
| enter_near_letter_quality | snlq | ZK | Set near-letter quality print |
| enter_normal_quality | snrmq | ZL | Set normal quality print |
| enter_pc_charset_mode | smsc | S4 | Enables PC-scancode mode |
| enter_protected_mode | prot | mp | Turn on protected mode |
| enter_reverse_mode | rev | mr | Turn on reverse video mode |
| enter_secure_mode | invis | mk | Turn on blank mode (characters invisible) |
| enter_shadow_mode | sshm | ZM | Enable shadow printing |
| enter_standout_mode | smso | so | Begin standout mode |
| enter_subscript_mode | ssubm | ZN | Enable subscript printing |
| enter_superscript_mode | ssupm | ZO | Enable superscript printing |
| enter_underline_mode | smul | us | Start underscore mode |
| enter_upward_mode | sum | ZP | Enable upward carriage motion |
| enter_xon_mode | smxon | SX | Turn on xon/xoff handshaking |
| erase_chars | ech | ec | Erase #1 characters (G) |
| exit_alt_charset_mode | rmacs | ae | End alternate character set |
| exit_am_mode | rmam | RA | Turn off automatic margins |
| exit_attribute_mode | sgr0 | me | Turn off all attributes |
| exit_ca_mode | rmcup | te | String to end programs that use cup |
| exit_delete_mode | rmdc | ed | End delete mode |
| exit_doublewide_mode | rwidm | ZQ | Disable double wide printing |
| exit_insert_mode | rmir | ei | End insert mode |
| exit_italics_mode | ritm | ZR | Disable italics |
| exit_leftward_mode | rlm | ZS | Enable rightward (normal) carriage motion |
| exit_micro_mode | rmicm | ZT | Disable micro motion capabilities |
| exit_pc_charset_mode | rmsc | S5 | Disables PC-scancode mode |
| exit_shadow_mode | rshm | ZU | Disable shadow printing |
| exit_standout_mode | rmso | se | End standout mode |
| exit_subscript_mode | rsubm | ZV | Disable subscript printing |
| exit_superscript_mode | rsupm | ZW | Disable superscript printing |
| exit_underline_mode | rmul | ue | End underscore mode |
| exit_upward_mode | rum | ZX | Enable downward (normal) carriage motion |
| exit_xon_mode | rmxon | RX | Turn off xon/xoff handshaking |
| fixed_pause | pause | PA | Pause for 2-3 seconds |
| flash_hook | hook | fh | Flash the switch hook |
| flash_screen | flash | vb | Visible bell (may not move cursor) |
| form_feed | ff | ff |
Hardcopy terminal page eject ()
|
| from_status_line | fsl | fs | Return from status line |
| goto_window | wingo | WG | Got to window #1 |
| hangup | hup | HU | Hang-up phone |
| init_1string | is1 | i1 | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| init_2string | is2 | is | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| init_3string | is3 | i3 | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| init_file | if | if | Name of initialization file |
| init_prog | iprog | iP | Path name of program for initialization |
| initialize_color | initc | Ic | Initialize the definition of color |
| initialize_pair | initp | Ip | Initialize color-pair |
| insert_character | ich1 | ic | Insert character |
| insert_line | il1 | al |
Add new blank line ()
|
| insert_padding | ip | ip |
Insert pad after character inserted ()
|
| key_a1 | ka1 | K1 | KEY_A1, 0534, upper left of keypad |
| key_a3 | ka3 | K3 | KEY_A3, 0535, upper right of keypad |
| key_b2 | kb2 | K2 | KEY_B2, 0536, center of keypad |
| key_backspace | kbs | kb |
KEY_BACKSPACE, 0407,
sent by backspace key |
| key_beg | kbeg | @1 | KEY_BEG, 0542, sent by beg(inning) key |
| key_btab | kcbt | kB | KEY_BTAB, 0541, sent by back-tab key |
| key_c1 | kc1 | K4 | KEY_C1, 0537, lower left of keypad |
| key_c3 | kc3 | K5 | KEY_C3, 0540, lower right of keypad |
| key_cancel | kcan | @2 | KEY_CANCEL, 0543, sent by cancel key |
| key_catab | ktbc | ka | KEY_CATAB, 0526, sent by clear-all-tabs key |
| key_clear | kclr | kC |
KEY_CLEAR, 0515, sent by clear-screen
or erase key |
| key_close | kclo | @3 | KEY_CLOSE, 0544, sent by close key |
| key_command | kcmd | @4 |
KEY_COMMAND, 0545,
sent by cmd (command) key |
| key_copy | kcpy | @5 | KEY_COPY, 0546, sent by copy key |
| key_create | kcrt | @6 | KEY_CREATE, 0547, sent by create key |
| key_ctab | kctab | kt | KEY_CTAB, 0525, sent by clear-tab key |
| key_dc | kdch1 | kD | KEY_DC, 0512, sent by delete-character key |
| key_dl | kdl1 | kL | KEY_DL, 0510, sent by delete-line key |
| key_down | kcud1 | kd |
KEY_DOWN, 0402, sent by terminal
down-arrow key |
| key_eic | krmir | kM |
KEY_EIC, 0514, sent by rmir
or smir in insert mode |
| key_end | kend | @7 | KEY_END, 0550, sent by end key |
| key_enter | kent | @8 | KEY_ENTER, 0527, sent by enter/send key |
| key_eol | kel | kE | KEY_EOL, 0517, sent by clear-to-end-of-line key |
| key_eos | ked | kS |
KEY_EOS, 0516, sent by
clear-to-end-of-screen key |
| key_exit | kext | @9 | KEY_EXIT, 0551, sent by exit key |
| key_f0 | kf0 | k0 | KEY_F(0), 0410, sent by function key f0 |
| key_f1 | kf1 | k1 | KEY_F(1), 0411, sent by function key f1 |
| key_f2 | kf2 | k2 | KEY_F(2), 0412, sent by function key f2 |
| key_f3 | kf3 | k3 | KEY_F(3), 0413, sent by function key f3 |
| key_f4 | kf4 | k4 | KEY_F(4), 0414, sent by function key f4 |
| key_f5 | kf5 | k5 | KEY_F(5), 0415, sent by function key f5 |
| key_f6 | kf6 | k6 | KEY_F(6), 0416, sent by function key f6 |
| key_f7 | kf7 | k7 | KEY_F(7), 0417, sent by function key f7 |
| key_f8 | kf8 | k8 | KEY_F(8), 0420, sent by function key f8 |
| key_f9 | kf9 | k9 | KEY_F(9), 0421, sent by function key f9 |
| key_f10 | kf10 | k; | KEY_F(10), 0422, sent by function key f10 |
| key_f11 | kf11 | F1 | KEY_F(11), 0423, sent by function key f11 |
| key_f12 | kf12 | F2 | KEY_F(12), 0424, sent by function key f12 |
| key_f13 | kf13 | F3 | KEY_F(13), 0425, sent by function key f13 |
| key_f14 | kf14 | F4 | KEY_F(14), 0426, sent by function key f14 |
| key_f15 | kf15 | F5 | KEY_F(15), 0427, sent by function key f15 |
| key_f16 | kf16 | F6 | KEY_F(16), 0430, sent by function key f16 |
| key_f17 | kf17 | F7 | KEY_F(17), 0431, sent by function key f17 |
| key_f18 | kf18 | F8 | KEY_F(18), 0432, sent by function key f18 |
| key_f19 | kf19 | F9 | KEY_F(19), 0433, sent by function key f19 |
| key_f20 | kf20 | FA | KEY_F(20), 0434, sent by function key f20 |
| key_f21 | kf21 | FB | KEY_F(21), 0435, sent by function key f21 |
| key_f22 | kf22 | FC | KEY_F(22), 0436, sent by function key f22 |
| key_f23 | kf23 | FD | KEY_F(23), 0437, sent by function key f23 |
| key_f24 | kf24 | FE | KEY_F(24), 0440, sent by function key f24 |
| key_f25 | kf25 | FF | KEY_F(25), 0441, sent by function key f25 |
| key_f26 | kf26 | FG | KEY_F(26), 0442, sent by function key f26 |
| key_f27 | kf27 | FH | KEY_F(27), 0443, sent by function key f27 |
| key_f28 | kf28 | FI | KEY_F(28), 0444, sent by function key f28 |
| key_f29 | kf29 | FJ | KEY_F(29), 0445, sent by function key f29 |
| key_f30 | kf30 | FK | KEY_F(30), 0446, sent by function key f30 |
| key_f31 | kf31 | FL | KEY_F(31), 0447, sent by function key f31 |
| key_f32 | kf32 | FM | KEY_F(32), 0450, sent by function key f32 |
| key_f33 | kf33 | FN | KEY_F(33), 0451, sent by function key f13 |
| key_f34 | kf34 | FO | KEY_F(34), 0452, sent by function key f34 |
| key_f35 | kf35 | FP | KEY_F(35), 0453, sent by function key f35 |
| key_f36 | kf36 | FQ | KEY_F(36), 0454, sent by function key f36 |
| key_f37 | kf37 | FR | KEY_F(37), 0455, sent by function key f37 |
| key_f38 | kf38 | FS | KEY_F(38), 0456, sent by function key f38 |
| key_f39 | kf39 | FT | KEY_F(39), 0457, sent by function key f39 |
| key_f40 | kf40 | FU | KEY_F(40), 0460, sent by function key f40 |
| key_f41 | kf41 | FV | KEY_F(41), 0461, sent by function key f41 |
| key_f42 | kf42 | FW | KEY_F(42), 0462, sent by function key f42 |
| key_f43 | kf43 | FX | KEY_F(43), 0463, sent by function key f43 |
| key_f44 | kf44 | FY | KEY_F(44), 0464, sent by function key f44 |
| key_f45 | kf45 | FZ | KEY_F(45), 0465, sent by function key f45 |
| key_f46 | kf46 | Fa | KEY_F(46), 0466, sent by function key f46 |
| key_f47 | kf47 | Fb | KEY_F(47), 0467, sent by function key f47 |
| key_f48 | kf48 | Fc | KEY_F(48), 0470, sent by function key f48 |
| key_f49 | kf49 | Fd | KEY_F(49), 0471, sent by function key f49 |
| key_f50 | kf50 | Fe | KEY_F(50), 0472, sent by function key f50 |
| key_f51 | kf51 | Ff | KEY_F(51), 0473, sent by function key f51 |
| key_f52 | kf52 | Fg | KEY_F(52), 0474, sent by function key f52 |
| key_f53 | kf53 | Fh | KEY_F(53), 0475, sent by function key f53 |
| key_f54 | kf54 | Fi | KEY_F(54), 0476, sent by function key f54 |
| key_f55 | kf55 | Fj | KEY_F(55), 0477, sent by function key f55 |
| key_f56 | kf56 | Fk | KEY_F(56), 0500, sent by function key f56 |
| key_f57 | kf57 | Fl | KEY_F(57), 0501, sent by function key f57 |
| key_f58 | kf58 | Fm | KEY_F(58), 0502, sent by function key f58 |
| key_f59 | kf59 | Fn | KEY_F(59), 0503, sent by function key f59 |
| key_f60 | kf60 | Fo | KEY_F(60), 0504, sent by function key f60 |
| key_f61 | kf61 | Fp | KEY_F(61), 0505, sent by function key f61 |
| key_f62 | kf62 | Fq | KEY_F(62), 0506, sent by function key f62 |
| key_f63 | kf63 | Fr | KEY_F(63), 0507, sent by function key f63 |
| key_find | kfnd | @0 | KEY_FIND, 0552, sent by find key |
| key_help | khlp | %1 | KEY_HELP, 0553, sent by help key |
| key_home | khome | kh | KEY_HOME, 0406, sent by home key |
| key_ic | kich1 | kI |
KEY_IC, 0513, sent by ins-char/enter
ins-mode key |
| key_il | kil1 | kA | KEY_IL, 0511, sent by insert-line key |
| key_left | kcub1 | kl |
KEY_LEFT, 0404, sent by terminal
left-arrow key |
| key_ll | kll | kH | KEY_LL, 0533, sent by home-down key |
| key_mark | kmrk | %2 | KEY_MARK, 0554, sent by mark key |
| key_message | kmsg | %3 | KEY_MESSAGE, 0555, sent by message key |
| key_move | kmov | %4 | KEY_MOVE, 0556, sent by move key |
| key_next | knxt | %5 | KEY_NEXT, 0557, sent by next key |
| key_npage | knp | kN | KEY_NPAGE, 0522, sent by next-page key |
| key_open | kopn | %6 | KEY_OPEN, 0560, sent by open key |
| key_options | kopt | %7 | KEY_OPTIONS, 0561, sent by options key |
| key_ppage | kpp | kP | KEY_PPAGE, 0523, sent by previous-page key |
| key_previous | kprv | %8 |
KEY_PREVIOUS, 0562, sent by
previous-object key |
| key_print | kprt | %9 | KEY_PRINT, 0532, sent by print or copy key |
| key_redo | krdo | 0 | KEY_REDO, 0563, sent by redo key |
| key_reference | kref | &1 | KEY_REFERENCE, 0564, sent by ref(erence) key |
| key_refresh | krfr | &2 | KEY_REFRESH, 0565, sent by refresh key |
| key_replace | krpl | &3 | KEY_REPLACE, 0566, sent by replace key |
| key_restart | krst | &4 | KEY_RESTART, 0567, sent by restart key |
| key_resume | kres | &5 | KEY_RESUME, 0570, sent by resume key |
| key_right | kcuf1 | kr | KEY_RIGHT, 0405, sent by terminal right-arrow key |
| key_save | ksav | &6 | KEY_SAVE, 0571, sent by save key |
| key_sbeg | kBEG | &9 | KEY_SBEG, 0572, sent by shifted beginning key |
| key_scancel | kCAN | &0 | KEY_SCANCEL, 0573, sent by shifted cancel key |
| key_scommand | kCMD |
1
|
KEY_SCOMMAND, 0574, sent by shifted
command key |
| key_scopy | kCPY |
2
| KEY_SCOPY, 0575, sent by shifted copy key |
| key_screate | kCRT |
3
| KEY_SCREATE, 0576, sent by shifted create key |
| key_sdc | kDC |
4
| KEY_SDC, 0577, sent by shifted delete-char key |
| key_sdl | kDL |
5
| KEY_SDL, 0600, sent by shifted delete-line key |
| key_select | kslt |
6
| KEY_SELECT, 0601, sent by select key |
| key_send | kEND |
7
| KEY_SEND, 0602, sent by shifted end key |
| key_seol | kEOL |
8
| KEY_SEOL, 0603, sent by shifted clear-line key |
| key_sexit | kEXT |
9
| KEY_SEXIT, 0604, sent by shifted exit key |
| key_sf | kind | kF | KEY_SF, 0520, sent by scroll-forward/down key |
| key_sfind | kFND |
0
| KEY_SFIND, 0605, sent by shifted find key |
| key_shelp | kHLP | #1 | KEY_SHELP, 0606, sent by shifted help key |
| key_shome | kHOM | #2 | KEY_SHOME, 0607, sent by shifted home key |
| key_sic | kIC | #3 | KEY_SIC, 0610, sent by shifted input key |
| key_sleft | kLFT | #4 | KEY_SLEFT, 0611, sent by shifted left-arrow key |
| key_smessage | kMSG | %a | KEY_SMESSAGE, 0612, sent by shifted message key |
| key_smove | kMOV | %b | KEY_SMOVE, 0613, sent by shifted move key |
| key_snext | kNXT | %c | KEY_SNEXT, 0614, sent by shifted next key |
| key_soptions | kOPT | %d | KEY_SOPTIONS, 0615, sent by shifted options key |
| key_sprevious | kPRV | %e | KEY_SPREVIOUS, 0616, sent by shifted prev key |
| key_sprint | kPRT | %f | KEY_SPRINT, 0617, sent by shifted print key |
| key_sr | kri | kR | KEY_SR, 0521, sent by scroll-backward/up key |
| key_sredo | kRDO | %g | KEY_SREDO, 0620, sent by shifted redo key |
| key_sreplace | kRPL | %h | KEY_SREPLACE, 0621, sent by shifted replace key |
| key_sright | kRIT | %i | KEY_SRIGHT, 0622, sent by shifted right-arrow key |
| key_srsume | kRES | %j | KEY_SRSUME, 0623, sent by shifted resume key |
| key_ssave | kSAV | !1 | KEY_SSAVE, 0624, sent by shifted save key |
| key_ssuspend | kSPD | !2 |
KEY_SSUSPEND, 0625,
sent by shifted suspend key |
| key_stab | khts | kT | KEY_STAB, 0524, sent by set-tab key |
| key_sundo | kUND | !3 | KEY_SUNDO, 0626, sent by shifted undo key |
| key_suspend | kspd | &7 | KEY_SUSPEND, 0627, sent by suspend key |
| key_undo | kund | &8 | KEY_UNDO, 0630, sent by undo key |
| key_up | kcuu1 | ku | KEY_UP, 0403, sent by terminal up-arrow key |
| keypad_local | rmkx | ke | Out of ``keypad-transmit'' mode |
| keypad_xmit | smkx | ks | Put terminal in ``keypad-transmit'' mode |
| lab_f0 | lf0 | l0 | Labels on function key f0 if not f0 |
| lab_f1 | lf1 | l1 | Labels on function key f1 if not f1 |
| lab_f2 | lf2 | l2 | Labels on function key f2 if not f2 |
| lab_f3 | lf3 | l3 | Labels on function key f3 if not f3 |
| lab_f4 | lf4 | l4 | Labels on function key f4 if not f4 |
| lab_f5 | lf5 | l5 | Labels on function key f5 if not f5 |
| lab_f6 | lf6 | l6 | Labels on function key f6 if not f6 |
| lab_f7 | lf7 | l7 | Labels on function key f7 if not f7 |
| lab_f8 | lf8 | l8 | Labels on function key f8 if not f8 |
| lab_f9 | lf9 | l9 | Labels on function key f9 if not f9 |
| lab_f10 | lf10 | la | Labels on function key f10 if not f10 |
| label_format | fln | Lf | Label format |
| label_off | rmln | LF | Turn off soft labels |
| label_on | smln | LO | Turn on soft labels |
| meta_off | rmm | mo | Turn off ``meta mode'' |
| meta_on | smm | mm | Turn on ``meta mode'' (8th bit) |
| micro_column_address | mhpa | ZY |
Like column_address for
micro adjustment
|
| micro_down | mcud1 | ZZ | Like cursor_down for micro adjustment |
| micro_left | mcub1 | Za | Like cursor_left for micro adjustment |
| micro_right | mcuf1 | Zb | Like cursor_right for micro adjustment |
| micro_row_address | mvpa | Zc |
Like row_address for micro adjustment
|
| micro_up | mcuu1 | Zd | Like cursor_up for micro adjustment |
| newline | nel | nw | Newline (behaves like cr followed by lf) |
| order_of_pins | porder | Ze | Matches software bits to print-head pins |
| orig_colors | oc | oc | Set all color(-pair)s to the original ones |
| orig_pair | op | op | Set default color-pair to the original one |
| pad_char | pad | pc | Pad character (rather than null) |
| parm_dch | dch | DC |
Delete #1 chars (G)
|
| parm_delete_line | dl | DL |
Delete #1 lines (G)
|
| parm_down_cursor | cud | DO |
Move down #1 lines. (G)
|
| parm_down_micro | mcud | Zf |
Like parm_down_cursor for
micro adjust. (G )
|
| parm_ich | ich | IC |
Insert #1 blank chars (G)
|
| parm_index | indn | SF | Scroll forward #1 lines. (G) |
| parm_insert_line | il | AL |
Add #1 new blank lines (G)
|
| parm_left_cursor | cub | LE | Move cursor left #1 spaces (G) |
| parm_left_micro | mcub | Zg |
Like parm_left_cursor for micro adjust. ()
|
| parm_right_cursor | cuf | RI |
Move right #1 spaces. (G)
|
| parm_right_micro | mcuf | Zh |
Like parm_right_cursor for micro adjust. ()
|
| parm_rindex | rin | SR | Scroll backward #1 lines. (G) |
| parm_up_cursor | cuu | UP |
Move cursor up #1 lines. (G)
|
| parm_up_micro | mcuu | Zi |
Like parm_up_cursor for micro adjust. ()
|
| pkey_key | pfkey | pk | Prog funct key #1 to type string #2 |
| pkey_local | pfloc | pl | Prog funct key #1 to execute string #2 |
| pkey_xmit | pfx | px | Prog funct key #1 to xmit string #2 |
| plab_norm | pln | pn | Prog label #1 to show string #2 |
| print_screen | mc0 | ps | Print contents of the screen |
| prtr_non | mc5p | pO | Turn on the printer for #1 bytes |
| prtr_off | mc4 | pf | Turn off the printer |
| prtr_on | mc5 | po | Turn on the printer |
| pulse | pulse | PU | Select pulse dialing |
| quick_dial | qdial | QD |
Dial phone number #1, without
progress detection |
| remove_clock | rmclk | RC | Remove time-of-day clock |
| repeat_char | rep | rp |
Repeat char #1 #2 times (G)
|
| req_for_input | rfi | RF | Send next input char (for ptys) |
| reset_1string | rs1 | r1 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| reset_2string | rs2 | r2 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| reset_3string | rs3 | r3 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| reset_file | rf | rf | Name of file containing reset string |
| restore_cursor | rc | rc | Restore cursor to position of last sc |
| row_address | vpa | cv | Vertical position absolute (G) |
| save_cursor | sc | sc | Save cursor position |
| scroll_forward | ind | sf | Scroll text up |
| scroll_reverse | ri | sr | Scroll text down |
| select_char_set | scs | Zj |
Select character set ()
|
| set_attributes | sgr | sa | Define the video attributes (G) #1-#9 |
| set_background | setb | Sb | Set current background color |
| set_bottom_margin | smgb | Zk | Set bottom margin at current line |
| set_bottom_margin_parm | smgbp | Zl |
Set bottom margin at line #1 ()
|
| set_clock | sclk | SC | Set time-of-day clock |
| set_color_pair | scp | sp | Set current color-pair |
| set_foreground | setf | Sf | Set current foreground color1 |
| set_left_margin | smgl | ML | Set left margin at current line |
| set_left_margin_parm | smglp | Zm |
Set left margin at column #1 ()
|
| set_right_margin | smgr | MR | Set right margin at current column |
| set_right_margin_parm | smgrp | Zn |
Set right margin at column #1 ()
|
| set_tab | hts | st | Set a tab in all rows, current column |
| set_top_margin | smgt | Zo | Set top margin at current line |
| set_top_margin_parm | smgtp | Zp |
Set top margin at line #1 ()
|
| set_window | wind | wi | Current window is lines #1-#2 cols #3-#4 (G) |
| start_bit_image | sbim | Zq |
Start printing bit image graphics ()
|
| start_char_set_def | scsd | Zr |
Start definition of a character set ()
|
| stop_bit_image | rbim | Zs | End printing bit image graphics |
| stop_char_set_def | rcsd | Zt | End definition of a character set |
| subscript_characters | subcs | Zu | List of ``subscript-able'' characters |
| superscript_characters | supcs | Zv | List of ``superscript-able'' characters |
| tab | ht | ta | Tab to next 8-space hardware tab stop |
| these_cause_cr | docr | Zw | Printing any of these chars causes cr |
| to_status_line | tsl | ts | Go to status line, col #1 (G) |
| tone | tone | TO | Select touch tone dialing |
| underline_char | uc | uc | Underscore one char and move past it |
| up_half_line | hu | hu | Half-line up (reverse 1/2 linefeed) |
| user0 | u0 | u0 | User string 0 |
| user1 | u1 | u1 | User string 1 |
| user2 | u2 | u2 | User string 4 |
| user3 | u3 | u3 | User string 3 |
| user4 | u4 | u4 | User string 4 |
| user5 | u5 | u5 | User string 5 |
| user6 | u6 | u6 | User string 6 |
| user7 | u7 | u7 | User string 7 |
| user8 | u8 | u8 | User string 8 |
| user9 | u9 | u9 | User string 9 |
| wait_tone | wait | WA | Wait for dial tone |
| xoff_character | xoffc | XF | X-off character |
| xon_character | xonc | XN | X-on character |
| xon_character | xonc | XN | Alternate XON character (scancode mode) |
| xoff_character | xoffc | XF | Alternate XOFF character (scancode mode) |
| zero_motion | zerom | Zx | No motion for the subsequent character |
| Cap- | Variable | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| am | auto_right_margin | am | Terminal has automatic margins |
| bw | auto_left_margin | bw | cub1 wraps from column 0 to last column |
| ccc | can_change | cc | Terminal can re-define existing color |
| chts | hard_cursor | HC | Cursor is hard to see |
| cpix | cpi_changes_res | YF | Changing character pitch changes resolution |
| cps | print_rate | Ym | Print rate in characters per second |
| crxm | cr_cancels_micro_modem | YB | Using cr turns off micro mode |
| cwin | create_window | CW | Define win #1 to go from #2,#3 to #4,#5 |
| da | memory_above | da | Display may be retained above the screen |
| daisy | has_print_wheel | YC | Printer needs operator to change character set |
| dclk | display_clock | DK | Display time-of-day clock |
| db | memory_below | db | Display may be retained below the screen |
| dial | dial_phone | DI | Dial phone number #1 |
| eo | erase_overstrike | eo | Can erase overstrikes with a blank |
| eslok | status_line_esc_ok | es | Escape can be used on the status line |
| gn | generic_type | gn | Generic line type (e.g., dialup, switch) |
| hc | hard_copy | hc | Hardcopy terminal |
| hls | hue_lightness_saturation | hl |
Terminal uses only HLS
color notation (Tektronix) |
| hs | has_status_line | hs | Has extra ``status line'' |
| hz | tilde_glitch | hz | Hazeltine; can't print tilde (~) |
| in | insert_null_glitch | in | Insert mode distinguishes nulls |
| km | has_meta_key | km | Has a meta key (shift, sets parity bit) |
| lpix | lpi_changes_res | YG | Changing line pitch changes resolution |
| mc5i | prtr_silent | ||
| mir | move_insert_mode | mi | Safe to move while in insert mode |
| msgr | move_standout_mode | ms | Safe to move in standout modes |
| npc | no_pad_char | NP | Pad character doesn't exist |
| nrrmc | non_rev_rmcup | NR | smcup does not reverse rmcup |
| nxon | needs_xon_xoff | nx | Padding won't work, xon/xoff required |
| os | over_strike | os | Terminal overstrikes on hard-copy terminal |
| sam | semi_auto_right_margin | YE | Printing in last column causes cr |
| ul | transparent_underline | ul | Underline character overstrikes |
| xenl | eat_newline_glitch | xn | Newline ignored after 80 columns (Concept) |
| xhp | ceol_standout_glitch | xs | Standout not erased by overwriting (hp) |
| xhpa | col_addr_glitch | YA | Only positive motion for hpa/mhpa caps |
| xon | xon_xoff | xo | Terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking |
| xsb | no_esc_ctlc | xb | Beehive (f1=escape, f2=ctrl C) |
| xt | dest_tabs_magic_smso | xt | Destructive tabs, magic smso char (t1061) |
| xvpa | row_addr_glitch | YD | Only positive motion for vpa/mvpa caps |
| Cap- | Variable | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| bufsz | buffer_capacity | Ya | Number of bytes buffered before printing |
| colors | max_colors | Co | Maximum number of colors on the screen |
| cols | columns | co | Number of columns in a line |
| cps | print_rate | Ym | Average print rate in characters per second |
| it | init_tabs | it | Tabs initially every # spaces |
| lh | label_height | lh | Number of rows in each label |
| lines | lines | li | Number of lines on a screen or a page |
| lm | lines_of_memory | lm | Lines of memory if > lines; 0 means varies |
| lw | label_width | lw | Number of columns in each label |
| maddr | max_micro_address | Yd | Maximum value in micro_..._address |
| mcs | micro_col_size | Yf | Character step size when in micro mode |
| mjump | max_micro_jump | Ye | Maximum value in parm_..._micro |
| mls | micro_line_size | Yg | Line step size when in micro mode |
| ncv | no_color_video | NC | Video attributes that can't be used with colors |
| nlab | num_labels | Nl | Number of labels on screen (start at 1) |
| npins | number_of_pins | Yh | Number of pins in print-head |
| orc | output_res_char | Yi | Horizontal resolution in units per character |
| orhi | output_res_horz_inch | Yk | Horizontal resolution in units per inch |
| orl | output_res_line | Yj | Vertical resolution in units per line |
| orvi | output_res_vert_inch | Yl | Vertical resolution in units per inch |
| pairs | max_pairs | pa | Maximum number of color-pairs on the screen |
| pb | padding_baud_rate | pb | Lowest baud rate where padding needed |
| spinh | dot_horz_spacing | Yc | Spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch |
| spinv | dot_vert_spacing | Yb | Spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch |
| vt | virtual_terminal | vt | Virtual terminal number (UNIX system) |
| widcs | wide_char_size | Yn | Character step size when in double wide mode |
| wsl | width_status_line | ws | Number of columns in status line |
| xmc | magic_cookie_glitch | sg |
Number of blank characters left
by smso or rmso |
| Cap- | Variable | Termcap | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| name | code | ||
| acsc | acs_chars | ac | Graphic charset pairs aAbBcC - def=vt100 |
| bel | bell | bl | Audible signal (bell) |
| blink | enter_blink_mode | mb | Turn on blinking |
| bold | enter_bold_mode | md | Turn on bold (extra bright) mode |
| cbt | back_tab | bt | Back tab |
| chr | change_res_horz | ZC |
Change horizontal resolution ()
|
| civis | cursor_invisible | vi | Make cursor invisible |
| clear | clear_screen | cl |
Clear screen and home cursor ()
|
| cmdch | command_character | CC | Terminal settable cmd character in prototype |
| cnorm | cursor_normal | ve | Make cursor appear normal (undo vs/vi) |
| cpi | change_char_pitch | ZA |
Change number of characters per inch ()
|
| cr | carriage_return | cr |
Carriage return ()
|
| csnm | char_set_names | Zy | List of character set names |
| csr | change_scroll_region | cs | Change to lines #1 through #2 (vt100) (G) |
| cub | parm_left_cursor | LE | Move cursor left #1 spaces (G) |
| cub1 | cursor_left | le | Move left one space. |
| cud | parm_down_cursor | DO |
Move down #1 lines. (G)
|
| cuf | parm_right_cursor | RI |
Move right #1 spaces. (G)
|
| cuf1 | cursor_right | nd | Non-destructive space (cursor or carriage right) |
| cup | cursor_address | cm | Move to row #1 col #2 (G) |
| cuu | parm_up_cursor | UP |
Move cursor up #1 lines. (G)
|
| cvr | change_res_vert | ZD |
Change vertical resolution ()
|
| cvvis | cursor_visible | vs | Make cursor very visible |
| dch | parm_dch | DC |
Delete #1 chars (G)
|
| dch1 | delete_character | dc |
Delete character ()
|
| defc | define_char | ZE | Define a character in a character set |
| dim | enter_dim_mode | mh | Turn on half-bright mode |
| dl | delete_line | dl1 |
Delete line ()
|
| dl | parm_delete_line | DL |
Delete #1 lines (G)
|
| do | cursor_down | do | Down one line |
| docr | these_cause_cr | Zw | Printing any of these chars causes cr |
| dsl | dis_status_line | ds | Disable status line |
| ech | erase_chars | ec | Erase #1 characters (G) |
| ed | clr_eos | cd |
Clear to end of display ()
|
| el | clr_eol | ce | Clear to end of line |
| el1 | clr_bol | cb | Clear to beginning of line, inclusive |
| enacs | ena_acs | eA | Enable alternate character set |
| ff | form_feed | ff |
Hardcopy terminal page eject ()
|
| flash | flash_screen | vb | Visible bell (may not move cursor) |
| fln | label_format | Lf | Label format |
| fsl | from_status_line | fs | Return from status line |
| hd | down_half_line | hd | Half-line down (forward 1/2 linefeed) |
| home | cursor_home | ho | Home cursor (if no cup) |
| hook | flash_hook | fh | Flash the switch hook |
| hpa | column_address | ch | Horizontal position absolute (G) |
| ht | tab | ta | Tab to next 8-space hardware tab stop |
| hts | set_tab | st | Set a tab in all rows, current column |
| hu | up_half_line | hu | Half-line up (reverse 1/2 linefeed) |
| hup | hangup | HU | Hang-up phone |
| ich | parm_ich | IC |
Insert #1 blank chars (G)
|
| ich1 | insert_character | ic | Insert character |
| if | init_file | if | Name of initialization file |
| il | parm_insert_line | AL |
Add #1 new blank lines (G)
|
| il1 | insert_line | al |
Add new blank line ()
|
| ind | scroll_forward | sf | Scroll text up |
| indn | parm_index | SF | Scroll forward #1 lines. (G) |
| initc | initialize_color | Ic | Initialize the definition of color |
| initp | initialize_pair | Ip | Initialize color-pair |
| invis | enter_secure_mode | mk | Turn on blank mode (characters invisible) |
| ip | insert_padding | ip |
Insert pad after character inserted ()
|
| iprog | init_prog | iP | Path name of program for initialization |
| is1 | init_1string | i1 | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| is2 | init_2string | is | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| is3 | init_3string | i3 | Terminal or printer initialization string |
| kBEG | key_sbeg | &9 | KEY_SBEG, 0572, sent by shifted beginning key |
| kCAN | key_scancel | &0 | KEY_SCANCEL, 0573, sent by shifted cancel key |
| kCMD | key_scommand |
1
|
KEY_SCOMMAND, 0574, sent by
shifted command key |
| kCPY | key_scopy |
2
| KEY_SCOPY, 0575, sent by shifted copy key |
| kCRT | key_screate |
3
| KEY_SCREATE, 0576, sent by shifted create key |
| kDC | key_sdc |
4
| KEY_SDC, 0577, sent by shifted delete-char key |
| kDL | key_sdl |
5
| KEY_SDL, 0600, sent by shifted delete-line key |
| kEND | key_send |
7
| KEY_SEND, 0602, sent by shifted end key |
| kEOL | key_seol |
8
| KEY_SEOL, 0603, sent by shifted clear-line key |
| kEXT | key_sexit |
9
| KEY_SEXIT, 0604, sent by shifted exit key |
| kFND | key_sfind |
0
| KEY_SFIND, 0605, sent by shifted find key |
| kHLP | key_shelp | #1 | KEY_SHELP, 0606, sent by shifted help key |
| kHOM | key_shome | #2 | KEY_SHOME, 0607, sent by shifted home key |
| kIC | key_sic | #3 | KEY_SIC, 0610, sent by shifted input key |
| kLFT | key_sleft | #4 | KEY_SLEFT, 0611, sent by shifted left-arrow key |
| kMOV | key_smove | b | KEY_SMOVE, 0613, sent by shifted move key |
| kMSG | key_smessage | %a |
KEY_SMESSAGE, 0612, sent by
shifted message key |
| kNXT | key_snext | %c | KEY_SNEXT, 0614, sent by shifted next key |
| kOPT | key_soptions | %d |
KEY_SOPTIONS, 0615, sent by
shifted options key |
| kPRT | key_sprint | %f | KEY_SPRINT, 0617, sent by shifted print key |
| kPRV | key_sprevious | %e | KEY_SPREVIOUS, 0616, sent by shifted prev key |
| kRDO | key_sredo | %g | KEY_SREDO, 0620, sent by shifted redo key |
| kRES | key_srsume | %j | KEY_SRSUME, 0623, sent by shifted resume key |
| kRIT | key_sright | %i | KEY_SRIGHT, 0622, sent by shifted right-arrow key |
| kRPL | key_sreplace | %h | KEY_SREPLACE, 0621, sent by shifted replace key |
| kSAV | key_ssave | !1 | KEY_SSAVE, 0624, sent by shifted save key |
| kSPD | key_ssuspend | !2 | KEY_SSUSPEND, 0625, sent by shifted suspend key |
| kUND | key_sundo | !3 | KEY_SUNDO, 0626, sent by shifted undo key |
| ka1 | key_a1 | K1 | KEY_A1, 0534, upper left of keypad |
| ka3 | key_a3 | K3 | KEY_A3, 0535, upper right of keypad |
| kb2 | key_b2 | K2 | KEY_B2, 0536, center of keypad |
| kbeg | key_beg | @1 | KEY_BEG, 0542, sent by beg(inning) key |
| kbs | key_backspace | kb | KEY_BACKSPACE, 0407, sent by backspace key |
| kc1 | key_c1 | K4 | KEY_C1, 0537, lower left of keypad |
| kc3 | key_c3 | K5 | KEY_C3, 0540, lower right of keypad |
| kcan | key_cancel | @2 | KEY_CANCEL, 0543, sent by cancel key |
| kcbt | key_btab | kB | KEY_BTAB, 0541, sent by back-tab key |
| kclo | key_close | @3 | KEY_CLOSE, 0544, sent by close key |
| kclr | key_clear | kC | KEY_CLEAR, 0515, sent by clear-screen or erase key |
| kcmd | key_command | @4 |
KEY_COMMAND, 0545, sent by cmd
(command) key |
| kcpy | key_copy | @5 | KEY_COPY, 0546, sent by copy key |
| kcrt | key_create | @6 | KEY_CREATE, 0547, sent by create key |
| kctab | key_ctab | kt | KEY_CTAB, 0525, sent by clear-tab key |
| kcub1 | key_left | kl | KEY_LEFT, 0404, sent by terminal left-arrow key |
| kcud1 | key_down | kd |
KEY_DOWN, 0402, sent by terminal
down-arrow key |
| kcuf1 | key_right | kr | KEY_RIGHT, 0405, sent by terminal right-arrow key |
| kcuu1 | key_up | ku | KEY_UP, 0403, sent by terminal up-arrow key |
| kdch1 | key_dc | kD | KEY_DC, 0512, sent by delete-character key |
| kdl1 | key_dl | kL | KEY_DL, 0510, sent by delete-line key |
| ked | key_eos | ked | KEY_EOS, 0516, sent by clear-to-end-of-screen key |
| kel | key_eol | kE | KEY_EOL, 0517, sent by clear-to-end-of-line key |
| kend | key_end | @7 | KEY_END, 0550, sent by end key |
| kent | key_enter | @8 | KEY_ENTER, 0527, sent by enter/send key |
| kext | key_exit | @9 | KEY_EXIT, 0551, sent by exit key |
| kf0 | key_f0 | k0 | KEY_F(0), 0410, sent by function key f0 |
| kf1 | key_f1 | k1 | KEY_F(C), 0411, sent by function key f1 |
| kf10 | key_f10 | k; | KEY_F(ADM), 0422, sent by function key f10 |
| kf11 | key_f11 | F1 | KEY_F(ADM), 0423, sent by function key f11 |
| kf12 | key_f12 | F2 | KEY_F(ADM), 0424, sent by function key f12 |
| kf13 | key_f13 | F3 | KEY_F(ADM), 0425, sent by function key f13 |
| kf14 | key_f14 | F4 | KEY_F(ADM), 0426, sent by function key f14 |
| kf15 | key_f15 | F5 | KEY_F(ADM), 0427, sent by function key f15 |
| kf16 | key_f16 | F6 | KEY_F(ADM), 0430, sent by function key f16 |
| kf17 | key_f17 | F7 | KEY_F(ADM), 0431, sent by function key f17 |
| kf18 | key_f18 | F8 | KEY_F(ADM), 0432, sent by function key f18 |
| kf19 | key_f19 | F9 | KEY_F(ADM), 0433, sent by function key f19 |
| kf2 | key_f2 | k2 | KEY_F(S), 0412, sent by function key f2 |
| kf20 | key_f20 | FA | KEY_F(20), 0434, sent by function key f20 |
| kf21 | key_f21 | FB | KEY_F(21), 0435, sent by function key f21 |
| kf22 | key_f22 | FC | KEY_F(22), 0436, sent by function key f22 |
| kf23 | key_f23 | FD | KEY_F(23), 0437, sent by function key f23 |
| kf24 | key_f24 | FE | KEY_F(24), 0440, sent by function key f24 |
| kf25 | key_f25 | FF | KEY_F(25), 0441, sent by function key f25 |
| kf26 | key_f26 | FG | KEY_F(26), 0442, sent by function key f26 |
| kf27 | key_f27 | FH | KEY_F(27), 0443, sent by function key f27 |
| kf28 | key_f28 | FI | KEY_F(28), 0444, sent by function key f28 |
| kf29 | key_f29 | FJ | KEY_F(29), 0445, sent by function key f29 |
| kf3 | key_f3 | k3 | KEY_F(S), 0413, sent by function key f3 |
| kf30 | key_f30 | FK | KEY_F(S), 0446, sent by function key f30 |
| kf31 | key_f31 | FL | KEY_F(S), 0447, sent by function key f31 |
| kf32 | key_f32 | FM | KEY_F(S), 0450, sent by function key f32 |
| kf33 | key_f33 | FN | KEY_F(ADM), 0451, sent by function key f33 |
| kf34 | key_f34 | FO | KEY_F(S), 0452, sent by function key f34 |
| kf35 | key_f35 | FP | KEY_F(S), 0453, sent by function key f35 |
| kf36 | key_f36 | FQ | KEY_F(S), 0454, sent by function key f36 |
| kf37 | key_f37 | FR | KEY_F(S), 0455, sent by function key f37 |
| kf38 | key_f38 | FS | KEY_F(S), 0456, sent by function key f38 |
| kf39 | key_f39 | FT | KEY_F(S), 0457, sent by function key f39 |
| kf4 | key_f4 | k4 | KEY_F(F), 0414, sent by function key f4 |
| kf40 | key_f40 | FU | KEY_F(40), 0460, sent by function key f40 |
| kf41 | key_f41 | FV | KEY_F(41), 0461, sent by function key f41 |
| kf42 | key_f42 | FW | KEY_F(42), 0462, sent by function key f42 |
| kf43 | key_f43 | FX | KEY_F(43), 0463, sent by function key f43 |
| kf44 | key_f44 | FY | KEY_F(44), 0464, sent by function key f44 |
| kf45 | key_f45 | FZ | KEY_F(45), 0465, sent by function key f45 |
| kf46 | key_f46 | Fa | KEY_F(46), 0466, sent by function key f46 |
| kf47 | key_f47 | Fb | KEY_F(47), 0467, sent by function key f47 |
| kf48 | key_f48 | Fc | KEY_F(48), 0470, sent by function key f48 |
| kf5 | key_f5 | k5 | KEY_F(M), 0415, sent by function key f5 |
| kf50 | key_f50 | Fe | KEY_F(50), 0472, sent by function key f50 |
| kf51 | key_f51 | Ff | KEY_F(51), 0473, sent by function key f51 |
| kf52 | key_f52 | Fg | KEY_F(52), 0474, sent by function key f52 |
| kf53 | key_f53 | Fh | KEY_F(53), 0475, sent by function key f53 |
| kf54 | key_f54 | Fi | KEY_F(54), 0476, sent by function key f54 |
| kf55 | key_f55 | Fj | KEY_F(55), 0477, sent by function key f55 |
| kf56 | key_f56 | Fk | KEY_F(56), 0500, sent by function key f56 |
| kf57 | key_f57 | Fl | KEY_F(57), 0501, sent by function key f57 |
| kf58 | key_f58 | Fm | KEY_F(58), 0502, sent by function key f58 |
| kf59 | key_f59 | Fn | KEY_F(59), 0503, sent by function key f59 |
| kf6 | key_f6 | k6 | KEY_F(6), 0416, sent by function key f6 |
| kf60 | key_f60 | Fo | KEY_F(60), 0504, sent by function key f60 |
| kf61 | key_f61 | Fp | KEY_F(61), 0505, sent by function key f61 |
| kf62 | key_f62 | Fq | KEY_F(62), 0506, sent by function key f62 |
| kf63 | key_f63 | Fr | KEY_F(63), 0507, sent by function key f63 |
| kf7 | key_f7 | k7 | KEY_F(7), 0417, sent by function key f7 |
| Kf8 | key_f8 | k8 | KEY_F(8), 0420, sent by function key f8 |
| kf9 | key_f9 | k9 | KEY_F(9), 0421, sent by function key f9 |
| kfnd | key_find | @0 | KEY_FIND, 0552, sent by find key |
| khlp | key_help | %1 | KEY_HELP, 0553, sent by help key |
| khome | key_home | kh | KEY_HOME, 0406, sent by home key |
| khts | key_stab | kT | KEY_STAB, 0524, sent by set-tab key |
| kich1 | key_ic | kI | KEY_IC, 0513, sent by ins-char/enter ins-mode key |
| kil1 | key_il | kA | KEY_IL, 0511, sent by insert-line key |
| kind | key_sf | kF | KEY_SF, 0520, sent by scroll-forward/down key |
| kll | key_ll | kH | KEY_LL, 0533, sent by home-down key |
| kmov | key_move | %4 | KEY_MOVE, 0556, sent by move key |
| kmrk | key_mark | %2 | KEY_MARK, 0554, sent by mark key |
| kmsg | key_message | %3 | KEY_MESSAGE, 0555, sent by message key |
| knp | key_npage | kN | KEY_NPAGE, 0522, sent by next-page key |
| knxt | key_next | %5 | KEY_NEXT, 0557, sent by next-object key |
| kopn | key_open | %6 | KEY_OPEN, 0560, sent by open key |
| kopt | key_options | %7 | KEY_OPTIONS, 0561, sent by options key |
| kpp | key_ppage | kP | KEY_PPAGE, 0523, sent by previous-page key |
| kprt | key_print | %9 | KEY_PRINT, 0532, sent by print or copy key |
| kprv | key_previous | %8 | KEY_PREVIOUS, 0562, sent by previous-object key |
| krdo | key_redo | %0 | KEY_REDO, 0563, sent by redo key |
| kref | key_reference | &1 | KEY_REFERENCE, 0564, sent by ref(erence) key |
| kres | key_resume | &5 | KEY_RESUME, 0570, sent by resume key |
| krfr | key_refresh | &2 | KEY_REFRESH, 0565, sent by refresh key |
| kri | key_sr | kR | KEY_SR, 0521, sent by scroll-backward/up key |
| krmir | key_eic | kM | KEY_EIC, 0514, sent by rmir or smir in insert mode |
| krpl | key_replace | &3 | KEY_REPLACE, 0566, sent by replace key |
| krst | key_restart | &4 | KEY_RESTART, 0567, sent by restart key |
| ksav | key_save | &6 | KEY_SAVE, 0571, sent by save key |
| kslt | key_select |
6
| KEY_SELECT, 0601, sent by select key |
| kspd | key_suspend | &7 | KEY_SUSPEND, 0627, sent by suspend key |
| ktbc | key_catab | ka | KEY_CATAB, 0526, sent by clear-all-tabs key |
| kund | key_undo | &8 | KEY_UNDO, 0630, sent by undo key |
| lf0 | lab_f0 | l0 | Labels on function key f0 if not f0 |
| lf1 | lab_f1 | l1 | Labels on function key f1 if not f1 |
| lf10 | lab_f10 | la | Labels on function key f10 if not f10 |
| lf2 | lab_f2 | l2 | Labels on function key f2 if not f2 |
| lf3 | lab_f3 | l3 | Labels on function key f3 if not f3 |
| lf4 | lab_f4 | l4 | Labels on function key f4 if not f4 |
| lf5 | lab_f5 | l5 | Labels on function key f5 if not f5 |
| lf6 | lab_f6 | l6 | Labels on function key f6 if not f6 |
| lf7 | lab_f7 | l7 | Labels on function key f7 if not f7 |
| lf8 | lab_f8 | l8 | Labels on function key f8 if not f8 |
| lf9 | lab_f9 | l9 | Labels on function key f9 if not f9 |
| ll | cursor_to_ll | ll | Last line, first column (if no cup) |
| lpi | change_line_pitch | ZB |
Change number of lines per inch
|
| ma | max_attributes | ma |
Maximum combined video attributes
terminal can display |
| mc0 | print_screen | ps | Print contents of the screen |
| mc4 | prtr_off | pf | Turn off the printer |
| mc5 | prtr_on | po | Turn on the printer |
| mc5p | prtr_non | pO | Turn on the printer for #1 bytes |
| mcub | parm_left_micro | Zg |
Like parm_left_cursor for micro adjust.
|
| mcub1 | micro_left | Za | Like cursor_left for micro adjustment |
| mcud | parm_down_micro | Zf |
Like parm_down_cursor for micro adjust. (G)
|
| mcud1 | micro_down | ZZ | Like cursor_down for micro adjustment |
| mcuf | parm_right_micro | Zh |
Like parm_right_cursor for micro adjust.
|
| mcuf1 | micro_right | Zb | Like cursor_right for micro adjustment |
| mcuu | parm_up_micro | Zi |
Like parm_up_cursor for micro adjust.
|
| mcuu1 | micro_up | Zd | Like cursor_up for micro adjustment |
| mgc | clear_margins | MC | Clear all margins (top, bottom, and sides) |
| mhpa | micro_column_address | ZY |
Like column_address for micro adjustment
|
| mrcup | cursor_mem_address | CM | Memory relative cursor addressing (G) |
| mvpa | micro_row_address | Zc |
Like row_address for micro adjustment
|
| ndscr | non_dest_scroll_region | ND | Scrolling region is non-destructive |
| nel | newline | nw | Newline (behaves like cr followed by lf) |
| oc | orig_colors | oc | Set all color(-pair)s to the original ones |
| op | orig_pair | op | Set default color-pair to the original one |
| pad | pad_char | pc | Pad character (rather than null) |
| pause | fixed_pause | PA | Pause for 2-3 seconds |
| pfkey | pkey_key | pk | Prog funct key #1 to type string #2 |
| pfloc | pkey_local | pl | Prog funct key #1 to execute string #2 |
| pfx | pkey_xmit | px | Prog funct key #1 to xmit string #2 |
| pln | plab_norm | pn | Prog label #1 to show string #2 |
| porder | order_of_pins | Ze | Matches software bits to print-head pins |
| prot | enter_protected_mode | mp | Turn on protected mode |
| pulse | pulse | PU | Select pulse dialing |
| qdial | quick_dial | QD | Dial phone number #1, without progress detection |
| rbim | stop_bit_image | Zs | End printing bit image graphics |
| rc | restore_cursor | rc | Restore cursor to position of last sc |
| rcsd | stop_char_set_def | Zt | End definition of a character set |
| rep | repeat_char | rp |
Repeat char #1 #2 times (G)
|
| rev | enter_reverse_mode | mr | Turn on reverse video mode |
| rf | reset_file | rf | Name of file containing reset string |
| rfi | req_for_input | RF | Send next input char (for ptys) |
| ri | scroll_reverse | sr | Scroll text down |
| rin | parm_rindex | SR | Scroll backward #1 lines. (G) |
| ritm | exit_italics_mode | ZR | Disable italics |
| rlm | exit_leftward_mode | ZS | Enable rightward (normal) carriage motion |
| rmacs | exit_alt_charset_mode | ae | End alternate character set |
| rmam | exit_am_mode | RA | Turn off automatic margins |
| rmclk | remove_clock | RC | Remove time-of-day clock |
| rmcup | exit_ca_mode | te | String to end programs that use cup |
| rmdc | exit_delete_mode | ed | End delete mode |
| rmicm | exit_micro_mode | ZT | Disable micro motion capabilities |
| rmir | exit_insert_mode | ei | End insert mode |
| rmkx | keypad_local | ke | Out of ``keypad-transmit'' mode |
| rmln | label_off | LF | Turn off soft labels |
| rmm | meta_off | mo | Turn off "meta mode" |
| rmp | char_padding | rP | Like ip but when in replace mode |
| rmso | exit_standout_mode | se | End standout mode |
| rmul | exit_underline_mode | ue | End underscore mode |
| rmxon | exit_xon_mode | RX | Turn off xon/xoff handshaking |
| rs1 | reset_1string | r1 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| rs2 | reset_2string | r2 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| rs3 | reset_3string | r3 | Reset terminal completely to sane modes |
| rshm | exit_shadow_mode | ZU | Disable shadow printing |
| rsubm | exit_subscript_mode | ZV | Disable subscript printing |
| rsupm | exit_superscript_mode | ZW | Disable superscript printing |
| rum | exit_upward_mode | ZX | Enable downward (normal) carriage motion |
| rwidm | exit_doublewide_mode | ZQ | Disable double wide printing |
| sbim | start_bit_image | Zq |
Start printing bit image graphics
|
| sc | save_cursor | sc | Save cursor position |
| sclk | set_clock | SC | Set time-of-day clock |
| scp | set_color_pair | sp | Set current color-pair |
| scs | select_char_set | Zj |
Select character set
|
| scsd | start_char_set_def | Zr |
Start definition of a character set
|
| sdrfq | enter_draft_quality | ZG | Set draft quality print |
| setb | set_background | Sb | Set current background color |
| setf | set_foreground | Sf | Set current foreground color |
| sgr | set_attributes | sa | Define the video attributes #1-#9 (G) |
| sgr0 | exit_attribute_mode | me | Turn off all attributes |
| sitm | enter_italics_mode | ZH | Enable italics |
| slm | enter_leftward_mode | ZI | Enable leftward carriage motion |
| smacs | enter_alt_charset_mode | as | Start alternate character set |
| smam | enter_am_mode | SA | Turn on automatic margins |
| smcup | enter_ca_mode | ti | String to begin programs that use cup |
| smdc | enter_delete_mode | dm | Delete mode (enter) |
| smgb | set_bottom_margin | Zk | Set bottom margin at current line |
| smgbp | set_bottom_margin_parm | Zl |
Set bottom margin at line #1
|
| smgl | set_left_margin | ML | Set left margin at current line |
| smglp | set_left_margin_parm | Zm |
Set left margin at column #1
|
| smgr | set_right_margin | MR | Set right margin at current column |
| smgrp | set_right_margin_parm | Zn |
Set right margin at column #1
|
| smgt | set_top_margin | Zo | Set top margin at current line |
| smgtp | set_top_margin_parm | Zp |
Set top margin at line #1
|
| smicm | enter_micro_mode | ZJ | Enable micro motion capabilities |
| smir | enter_insert_mode | im | Insert mode (enter) |
| smkx | keypad_xmit | ks | Put terminal in ``keypad-transmit'' mode |
| smln | label_on | LO | Turn on soft labels |
| smm | meta_on | mm | Turn on ``meta mode'' (8th bit) |
| smso | enter_standout_mode | so | Begin standout mode |
| smxon | enter_xon_mode | SX | Turn on xon/xoff handshaking |
| snlq | enter_near_letter_quality | ZK | Set near-letter quality print |
| snrmq | enter_normal_quality | ZL | Set normal quality print |
| sshm | enter_shadow_mode | ZM | Enable shadow printing |
| ssubm | enter_subscript_mode | ZN | Enable subscript printing |
| ssupm | enter_superscript_mode | ZO | Enable superscript printing |
| subcs | subscript_characters | Zu | List of ``subscript-able'' characters |
| sum | enter_upward_mode | ZP | Enable upward carriage motion |
| supcs | superscript_characters | Zv | List of ``superscript-able'' characters |
| swidm | enter_doublewide_mode | ZF | Enable double wide printing |
| tbc | clear_all_tabs | ct | Clear all tab stops |
| tone | tone | TO | Select touch tone dialing |
| tsl | to_status_line | ts | Go to status line, col #1 (G) |
| u0 | user0 | u0 | User string 0 |
| u1 | user1 | u1 | User string 1 |
| u2 | user2 | u2 | User string 2 |
| u3 | user3 | u3 | User string 3 |
| u4 | user4 | u4 | User string 4 |
| u5 | user5 | u5 | User string 5 |
| u6 | user6 | u6 | User string 6 |
| u7 | user7 | u7 | User string 7 |
| u8 | user8 | u8 | User string 8 |
| u9 | user9 | u9 | User string 9 |
| uc | underline_char | uc | Underscore one char and move past it |
| up | cursor_up | cuu1 | Upline (cursor up) |
| vpa | row_address | cv | Vertical position absolute (G) |
| wait | wait_tone | WA | Wait for dial tone |
| wind | set_window | wi | Current window is lines #1-#2 cols #3-#4 (G) |
| wingo | goto_window | WG | Got to window #1 |
| wnum | maximum_windows | MW | Maximum number of definable windows |
| xoffc | xoff_character | XF | X-off character |
| xonc | xon_character | XN | X-on character |
| zerom | zero_motion | Zx | No motion for the subsequent character |
610 | 610bct | ATT610 | att610 | AT&T 610; 80 column; 98key keyboard
am, eslok, hs, mir, msgr, xenl, xon,
cols#80, it#8, lh#2, lines#24, lw#8, nlab#8, wsl#80,
acsc=``aaffggjjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzz{{ | | }}~~,
bel=^G, blink=\E[5m, bold=\E[1m, cbt=\E[Z,
civis=\E[?25l, clear=\E[H\E[J, cnorm=\E[?25h\E[?12l,
cr=\r, csr=\E[%i%p1%d;%p2%dr, cub=\E[%p1%dD, cub1=\b,
cud=\E[%p1%dB, cud1=\E[B, cuf=\E[%p1%dC, cuf1=\E[C,
cup=\E[%i%p1%d;%p2%dH, cuu=\E[%p1%dA, cuu1=\E[A,
cvvis=\E[?12;25h, dch=\E[%p1%dP, dch1=\E[P, dim=\E[2m,
dl=\E[%p1%dM, dl1=\E[M, ed=\E[J, el=\E[K, el1=\E[1K,
flash=\E[?5h$<200>\E[?5l, fsl=\E8, home=\E[H, ht=\t,
ich=\E[%p1%d@, il=\E[%p1%dL, il1=\E[L, ind=\ED,
invis=\E[8m,
is1=\E[8;0 | \E[?3;4;5;13;15l\E[13;20l\E[?7h\E[12h\E(B\E)0,
is2=\E[0m^O, is3=\E(B\E)0, kLFT=\E[\s@, kRIT=\E[\sA,
kbs=\b, kcbt=\E[Z, kclr=\E[2J, kcub1=\E[D, kcud1=\E[B,
kcuf1=\E[C, kcuu1=\E[A, kf1=\EOc, kf10=\ENp,
kf11=\ENq, kf12=\ENr, kf13=\ENs, kf14=\ENt, kf2=\EOd,
kf3=\EOe, kf4=\EOf, kf5=\EOg, kf6=\EOh, kf7=\EOi,
kf8=\EOj, kf9=\ENo, khome=\E[H, kind=\E[S, kri=\E[T,
ll=\E[24H, mc4=\E[?4i, mc5=\E[?5i, nel=\EE,
pfx=\E[%p1%d;%p2%l%02dq\s\s\sF%p1%1d\s\s\s\s\s
\s\s\s\s\s\s%p2%s,
pln=\E[%p1%d;0;0;0q%p2%:-16.16s, rc=\E8, rev=\E[7m,
ri=\EM, rmacs=^O, rmir=\E[4l, rmln=\E[2p, rmso=\E[m,
rmul=\E[m, rs2=\Ec\E[?3l, sc=\E7,
sgr=\E[0%?%p6%t;1%;%?%p5%t;2%;%?%p2%t;4%;%?%p4%t;5%;
%?%p3%p1% | %t;7%;%?%p7%t;8%;m%?%p9%t^N%e^O%;,
sgr0=\E[m^O, smacs=^N, smir=\E[4h, smln=\E[p,
smso=\E[7m, smul=\E[4m, tsl=\E7\E[25;%i%p1%dx,
Numeric capabilities are followed by the character ``#'' and then the value. Thus, in the sample, cols (which shows the number of columns available on a terminal) gives the value 80 for the AT&T 610. (Values for numeric capabilities may be specified in decimal, octal or hexadecimal, using normal C conventions.)
Finally, string-valued capabilities
such as el (clear to end-of-line
sequence) are listed by a two- to five-character capname,
an ``='', and a string ended by the next occurrence of a comma.
A delay in milliseconds may appear anywhere in such a capability,
enclosed in $<..> brackets,
as in el=\EK$<3>.
Padding characters are supplied by
tputs().
The delay can be any of the following:
a number (5),
a number followed by a ``'' (5),
a number followed by a ``/'' (5/),
or a number followed by both (5/).
A ``'' shows that the padding required is proportional
to the number of lines affected by the operation,
and the amount given is the per-affected-unit padding required.
(In the case of insert characters, the factor is still the number of
lines affected.
This is always 1 unless the terminal has in
and the software uses it.)
When a ``''
is specified, it is sometimes useful to give a delay of the form
3.5 to specify a delay per unit to tenths of milliseconds.
(Only one decimal place is allowed.)
A ``/'' indicates that the padding is mandatory. Absence of a ``/'' is not shown, if the terminal has xon defined. Padding information is advisory and will be used only for cost estimates or when the terminal is in raw mode. Mandatory padding will be transmitted regardless of the setting of xon.
A number of escape sequences are provided in the string valued capabilities for easy encoding of characters there. Both \E and \e map to an ESCAPE character, ^x maps to a control-x for any appropriate x, and the sequences \n, \l, \r, \t, \b, \f, and \s give a newline, linefeed, return, tab, backspace, formfeed, and space, respectively. Other escapes include: \^ for caret (^); \\ for backslash (\); \, for comma (,); \: for colon (:); and \0 for null. (\0 will actually produce \200, which does not terminate a string but behaves as a null character on most terminals.) Finally, characters may be given as three octal digits after a backslash (for example, \123).
Sometimes individual capabilities must be commented out. To do this, put a period before the capability name. For example, see the second ind in the example above. Note that capabilities are defined in a left-to-right order and, therefore, a prior definition will override a later definition.
If there is a code to move the cursor one position to the left (such as backspace), that capability should be given as cub1. Similarly, codes to move to the right, up, and down should be given as cuf1, cuu1, and cud1. These local cursor motions should not alter the text they pass over; for example, you would not normally use ``cuf1=\s'' because the space would erase the character moved over.
A very important point here is that the local cursor motions encoded in terminfo are undefined at the left and top edges of a screen terminal. Programs should never attempt to backspace around the left edge, unless bw is given, and should never attempt to go up locally off the top. In order to scroll text up, a program will go to the bottom left corner of the screen and send the ind (index) string.
To scroll text down, a program goes to the top left corner of the screen and sends the ri (reverse index) string. The strings ind and ri are undefined when not on their respective corners of the screen.
Parameterized versions of the scrolling sequences are indn and rin which have the same semantics as ind and ri except that they take one parameter, and scroll that many lines. They are also undefined except at the appropriate edge of the screen.
If the terminal wraps around to the beginning of the next line when it reaches the right margin, then it should have the am capability. The am capability tells whether the cursor sticks at the right edge of the screen when text is output, but this does not necessarily apply to a cuf1 from the last column. The only local motion which is defined from the left edge is if bw is given: then a cub1 from the left edge will move to the right edge of the previous row. If bw is not given, the effect is undefined. This is useful for drawing a box around the edge of the screen, for example. If the terminal has switch selectable automatic margins, the terminfo file usually assumes that this is on; that is, am. If the terminal has a command which moves to the first column of the next line, that command can be given as nel (newline). It does not matter if the command clears the remainder of the current line, so if the terminal has no cr and lf it may still be possible to craft a working nel out of one or both of them.
These capabilities suffice to describe hardcopy and screen terminals. Thus the model 33 teleprinter is described as:
hc, os, xon
cols#72,
bel=^G, cr=\r, cud1=\n, ind=\n,
while the Lear Siegler ADM-3 is described as:
adm3|lsi adm3,
am, bel=^G, clear=^Z, cols#80, cr=^M, cub1=^H,
cud1=^J, ind=^J, lines#24,
Cursor addressing and other strings requiring parameters in the terminal are described by a parameterized string capability, with printf(S) -like escapes (%x) in it. For example, to address the cursor, the cup capability is given, using two parameters: the row and column to address to. (Rows and columns are numbered from zero and refer to the physical screen visible to the user, not to any unseen memory.) If the terminal has memory-relative cursor addressing, that can be indicated by mrcup.
The parameter mechanism uses a stack and special % codes to manipulate it in the manner of a Reverse Polish Notation (postfix) calculator. Typically, a sequence will push one of the parameters onto the stack and then print it in some format. Often more complex operations are necessary. Binary operations are in postfix form with the operands in the usual order. That is, to get x-5 one would use %gx%{5}%-.
The % encodings have the following meanings:
%% outputs `%'
%[[:]flags][width[.precision]][doxXs]
as in printf, flags are [-+#] and space
%c print pop() gives %c
%p[1-9] push i[th] parm
%P[a-z] set variable [a-z] to pop()
%g[a-z] get variable [a-z] and push it
%'c' push char constant c
%{nn} push decimal constant nn
%l push strlen(pop())
%+ %- % %/ %m
arithmetic (%m is mod): push(pop() op pop())
%& %| %^ bit operations: push(pop() op pop())
%= %> %< logical operations: push(pop() op pop())
%A %O logical operations: and, or
%! %~ unary operations: push(op pop())
%i (for ANSI terminals)
add 1 to first parm, if one parm present,
or first two parms, if more than one parm present
%? expr %t thenpart %e elsepart %;
if-then-else, %e elsepart is optional;
else-if's are possible ala Algol 68:
%? c[1] %t b[1] %e c[2] %t b[2] %e c[3] %t b[3] %e c[4] %t b[4] %e b[5]%;
c[i] are conditions, b[i] are bodies.
If the ``-'' flag is used with ``%[doxXs]'', then a colon (:) must be placed between the ``%'' and the ``-'' to differentiate the flag from the binary ``%-'' operator, for example, ``%:-16.16s''.
Consider the Hewlett-Packard 2645, which, to get to row 3 and column 12, needs to be sent \E&a12c03Y padded for 6 milliseconds. Note that the order of the rows and columns is inverted here, and that the row and column are zero-padded as two digits. Thus its cup capability is ``cup=\E&a%p2%2.2dc%p1%2.2dY$<6>''.
The Micro-Term ACT-IV needs the current row and column sent preceded by a ^T, with the row and column simply encoded in binary, ``cup=^T%p1%c%p2%c''. Terminals which use ``%c'' need to be able to backspace the cursor (cub1), and to move the cursor up one line on the screen (cuu1). This is necessary because it is not always safe to transmit \n, ^D, and \r, as the system may change or discard them. (The library routines dealing with terminfo set tty modes so that tabs are never expanded, so \t is safe to send. This turns out to be essential for the Ann Arbor 4080.)
A final example is the LSI ADM-3a, which uses row and column offset by a blank character, thus ``cup=\E=%p1%'\s'%+%c%p2%'\s'%+%c''. After sending ``\E='', this pushes the first parameter, pushes the ASCII value for a space (S), adds them (pushing the sum on the stack in place of the two previous values), and outputs that value as a character. Then the same is done for the second parameter. More complex arithmetic is possible using the stack.
If the terminal has a fast way to home the cursor (to very upper left corner of screen) then this can be given as home; similarly a fast way of getting to the lower left-hand corner can be given as ll; this may involve going up with cuu1 from the home position, but a program should never do this itself (unless ll does) because it can make no assumption about the effect of moving up from the home position. Note that the home position is the same as addressing to (0,0): to the top left corner of the screen, not of memory. (Thus, the \EH sequence on Hewlett-Packard terminals cannot be used for home without losing some of the other features on the terminal.)
If the terminal has row or column absolute-cursor addressing, these can be given as single parameter capabilities hpa (horizontal position absolute) and vpa (vertical position absolute). Sometimes these are shorter than the more general two-parameter sequence (as with the Hewlett-Packard 2645) and can be used in preference to cup. If there are parameterized local motions (for example, move n spaces to the right) these can be given as cud, cub, cuf, and cuu with a single parameter indicating how many spaces to move. These are primarily useful if the terminal does not have cup, such as the Tektronix 4025.
If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the line, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as el. If the terminal can clear from the beginning of the line to the current position inclusive, leaving the cursor where it is, this should be given as el1. If the terminal can clear from the current position to the end of the display, then this should be given as ed. ed is only defined from the first column of a line. (Thus, it can be simulated by a request to delete a large number of lines, if a true ed is not available.)
If the terminal can open a new blank line before the line where the cursor is, this should be given as il1; this is done only from the first position of a line. The cursor must then appear on the newly blank line. If the terminal can delete the line which the cursor is on, then this should be given as dl1; this is done only from the first position on the line to be deleted. Versions of il1 and dl1 which take a single parameter and insert or delete that many lines can be given as il and dl.
If the terminal has a settable destructive scrolling region (like the VT100) the command to set this can be described with the csr capability, which takes two parameters: the top and bottom lines of the scrolling region. The cursor position is, unfortunately, undefined after using this command. It is possible to get the effect of insert or delete line using this command -- the sc and rc (save and restore cursor) commands are also useful. Inserting lines at the top or bottom of the screen can also be done using ri or ind on many terminals without a true insert/delete line, and is often faster even on terminals with those features.
To determine whether a terminal has destructive scrolling regions or non-destructive scrolling regions, create a scrolling region in the middle of the screen, place data on the bottom line of the scrolling region, move the cursor to the top line of the scrolling region, and do a reverse index (ri) followed by a delete line (dl1) or index (ind). If the data that was originally on the bottom line of the scrolling region was restored into the scrolling region by the dl1 or ind, then the terminal has non-destructive scrolling regions. Otherwise, it has destructive scrolling regions. Do not specify csr if the terminal has non-destructive scrolling regions, unless ind, ri, indn, rin, dl, and dl1 all simulate destructive scrolling.
If the terminal has the ability to define a window as part of memory, which all commands affect, it should be given as the parameterized string wind. The four parameters are the starting and ending lines in memory and the starting and ending columns in memory, in that order.
If the terminal can retain display memory above, then the da capability should be given; if display memory can be retained below, then db should be given. These indicate that deleting a line or scrolling a full screen may bring non-blank lines up from below or that scrolling back with ri may bring down non-blank lines.
There are two basic kinds of intelligent terminals with respect to insert/delete character operations which can be described using terminfo. The most common insert/delete character operations affect only the characters on the current line and shift characters off the end of the line rigidly. Other terminals, such as the Concept 100 and the Perkin Elmer Owl, make a distinction between typed and untyped blanks on the screen, shifting upon an insert or delete only to an untyped blank on the screen which is either eliminated, or expanded to two untyped blanks. You can determine the kind of terminal you have by clearing the screen and then typing text separated by cursor motions. Type ``abc def'' using local cursor motions (not spaces) between the abc and the def. Then position the cursor before the abc and put the terminal in insert mode. If typing characters causes the rest of the line to shift rigidly and characters to fall off the end, then your terminal does not distinguish between blanks and untyped positions. If the abc shifts over to the def which then move together around the end of the current line and onto the next as you insert, you have the second type of terminal, and should give the capability in, which stands for ``insert null''. While these are two logically separate attributes (one line versus multiline insert mode, and special treatment of untyped spaces) no terminals whose insert mode cannot be described with the single attribute have been seen.
terminfo can describe both terminals which have an insert mode and terminals which send a simple sequence to open a blank position on the current line. Give as smir the sequence to get into insert mode. Give as rmir the sequence to leave insert mode. Now give as ich1 any sequence needed to be sent just before sending the character to be inserted. Most terminals with a true insert mode will not give ich1; terminals which send a sequence to open a screen position should give it here. (If your terminal has both, insert mode is usually preferable to ich1. Do not give both unless the terminal actually requires both to be used in combination.) If post-insert padding is needed, give this as a number of milliseconds padding in ip (a string option). Any other sequence which may need to be sent after an insert of a single character may also be given in ip. If your terminal needs both to be placed into an `insert mode' and a special code to precede each inserted character, then both smir/rmir and ich1 can be given, and both will be used. The ich capability, with one parameter, n, will insert n blanks.
If padding is necessary between characters typed while not in insert mode, give this as a number of milliseconds padding in rmp.
It is occasionally necessary to move around while in insert mode to delete characters on the same line (for example, if there is a tab after the insertion position). If your terminal allows motion while in insert mode you can give the capability mir to speed up inserting in this case. Omitting mir will affect only speed. Some terminals (notably Datamedia's) must not have mir because of the way their insert mode works.
Finally, you can specify dch1 to delete a single character, dch with one parameter, n, to delete n characters, and delete mode by giving smdc and rmdc to enter and exit delete mode (any mode the terminal needs to be placed in for dch1 to work).
A command to erase n characters (equivalent to outputting n blanks without moving the cursor) can be given as ech with one parameter.
Your terminal may have one or more kinds of display attributes that allow you to highlight selected characters when they appear on the screen. The following display modes (shown with the names by which they are set) may be available: a blinking screen (blink), bold or extra-bright characters (bold), dim or half-bright characters (dim), blanking or invisible text (invis), protected text (prot), a reverse-video screen (rev), and an alternate character set (smacs to enter this mode and rmacs to exit it). (If a command is necessary before you can enter alternate character set mode, give the sequence in enacs or ``enable alternate-character-set'' mode.) Turning on any of these modes singly may or may not turn off other modes.
If you set any display attributes for highlighting, you will also want to provide the capability for turning them off. To do so, set sgr0.
You should choose one display method as standout mode (see curses(S)) and use it to highlight error messages and other kinds of text to which you want to draw attention. Choose a form of display that provides strong contrast but that is easy on the eyes. (We recommend reverse-video plus half-bright or reverse-video alone.) The sequences to enter and exit standout mode are given as smso and rmso, respectively. If the code to change into or out of standout mode leaves one or even two blank spaces on the screen, as the TVI 912 and Teleray 1061 do, then xmc should be given to tell how many spaces are left.
Codes to begin underlining and end underlining can be given as smul and rmul, respectively. If the terminal has a code to underline the current character and move the cursor one space to the right, such as the Micro-Term MIME, this can be given as uc.
For historical reasons, some programs interpret rmso, rmul to mean ``turn off all attributes'', not just standout and underline, respectively.
If there is a sequence to set arbitrary combinations of modes, this should be given as sgr (set attributes), taking nine parameters. Each parameter is either 0 or non-zero, as the corresponding attribute is on or off. The nine parameters are, in order: standout, underline, reverse, blink, dim, bold, blank, protect, alternate character set. Not all modes need to be supported by sgr; only those for which corresponding separate attribute commands exist should be supported. (See the example at the end of this section.)
Terminals with the ``magic cookie'' glitch (xmc) deposit special ``cookies'' when they receive mode-setting sequences, which affect the display algorithm rather than having extra bits for each character. Some terminals, such as the Hewlett-Packard 2621, automatically leave standout mode when they move to a new line or the cursor is addressed. Programs using standout mode should exit standout mode before moving the cursor or sending a newline, unless the msgr capability, asserting that it is safe to move in standout mode, is present.
If the terminal has a way of flashing the screen to indicate an error quietly (a bell replacement), then this can be given as flash; it must not move the cursor. A good flash can be done by changing the screen into reverse video, pad for 200 ms, then return the screen to normal video.
If the cursor needs to be made more visible than normal when it is not on the bottom line (for example, to make a non-blinking underline into an easier-to-find block or blinking underline) give this sequence as cvvis. The boolean chts should also be given. If there is a way to make the cursor completely invisible, give that as civis. The capability cnorm should be given which undoes the effects of either of these modes.
If the terminal needs to be in a special mode when running a program that uses these capabilities, the codes to enter and exit this mode can be given as smcup and rmcup. This arises, for example, from terminals, such as the Concept, with more than one page of memory. If the terminal has only memory relative cursor addressing and not screen relative cursor addressing, a one screen-sized window must be fixed into the terminal for cursor addressing to work properly. This is also used for the Tektronix 4025, where smcup sets the command character to be the one used by terminfo. If the smcup sequence will not restore the screen after a rmcup sequence is output (to the state prior to outputting rmcup), specify nrrmc.
If your terminal generates underlined characters by using the underline character (with no special codes needed) even though it does not otherwise overstrike characters, then you should give the capability ul. For terminals where a character overstriking another leaves both characters on the screen, give the capability os. If overstrikes are erasable with a blank, then this should be indicated by giving eo.
Example of highlighting: assume that the terminal under question needs the following escape sequences to turn on various modes.
| Tparm | Attribute | Escape sequence | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| parameter | ||||
| none | \E[0m | |||
| p1 | standout | \E[0;4;7m | ||
| p2 | underline | \E[0;3m | ||
| p3 | reverse | \E[0;4m | ||
| p4 | blink | \E[0;5m | ||
| p5 | dim | \E[0;7m | ||
| p6 | bold | \E[0;3;4m | ||
| p7 | invis | \E[0;8m | ||
| protect | not available | |||
| p9 | altcharset | ^O (off) ^N(on) |
Now look at when different sequences are output. For example, ;3 is output when either p2 or p6 is true; that is, if either underline or bold modes are turned on. Writing out the above sequences, along with their dependencies, gives the following:
| Sequence | When to output | Terminfo translation |
|---|---|---|
| \E[0 | always | \E[0 |
| ;3 | if p2 or p6 | %?%p2%p6%|%t;3%; |
| ;4 | if p1 or p3 or p6 | %?%p1%p3%|%p6%|%t;4%; |
| ;5 | if p4 | %?%p4%t;5%; |
| ;7 | if p1 or p5 | %?%p1%p5%|%t;7%; |
| ;8 | if p7 | %?%p7%t;8%; |
| m | always | m |
| ^N or ^O | if p9 ^N, else ^O | %?%p9%t^N%e^O%; |
The codes sent by the left arrow, right arrow, up arrow, down arrow, and home keys can be given as kcub1, kcuf1, kcuu1, kcud1, and khome respectively. If there are function keys such as f0, f1, ..., f63, the codes they send can be given as kf0, kf1, ..., kf63. If the first 11 keys have labels other than the default f0 through f10, the labels can be given as lf0, lf1, ..., lf10. The codes transmitted by certain other special keys can be given: kll (home down), kbs (backspace), ktbc (clear all tabs), kctab (clear the tab stop in this column), kclr (clear screen or erase key), kdch1 (delete character), kdl1 (delete line), krmir (exit insert mode), kel (clear to end of line), ked (clear to end of screen), kich1 (insert character or enter insert mode), kil1 (insert line), knp (next page), kpp (previous page), kind (scroll forward/down), kri (scroll backward/up), khts (set a tab stop in this column). In addition, if the keypad has a 3 by 3 array of keys including the four arrow keys, the other five keys can be given as ka1, ka3, kb2, kc1, and kc3. These keys are useful when the effects of a 3 by 3 directional pad are needed. Further keys are defined above in the capabilities list.
Strings to program function keys can be given as pfkey, pfloc, and pfx. A string to program their soft-screen labels can be given as pln. Each of these strings takes two parameters: the function key number to program (from 0 to 10) and the string to program it with. Function key numbers out of this range may program undefined keys in a terminal-dependent manner. The difference between the capabilities is that pfkey causes pressing the given key to give the same result as the user typing the given string; pfloc causes the string to be executed by the terminal in local mode; and pfx causes the string to be transmitted to the computer. The capabilities nlab, lw, and lh define how many soft labels there are and their width and height. If there are commands to turn the labels on and off, give them in smln and rmln. smln is normally output after one or more pln sequences to make sure that the change becomes visible.
If the terminal has hardware tabs, the command to advance to the next tab stop can be given as ht (usually control I). A ``backtab'' command which moves left to the next tab stop can be given as cbt. By convention, if the teletype modes indicate that tabs are being expanded by the computer rather than being sent to the terminal, programs should not use ht or cbt even if they are present, since the user may not have the tab stops properly set. If the terminal has hardware tabs which are initially set every n spaces when the terminal is powered up, the numeric parameter it is given, showing the number of spaces the tabs are set to. This is normally used by tput init (see tput(C)) to determine whether to set the mode for hardware tab expansion and whether to set the tab stops. If the terminal has tab stops that can be saved in nonvolatile memory, the terminfo description can assume that they are properly set. If there are commands to set and clear tab stops, they can be given as tbc (clear all tab stops) and hts (set a tab stop in the current column of every row).
Other capabilities include: is1, is2, and is3, initialization strings for the terminal; iprog, the path name of a program to be run to initialize the terminal; and if, the name of a file containing long initialization strings. These strings are expected to set the terminal into modes consistent with the rest of the terminfo description. They must be sent to the terminal each time the user logs in and be output in the following order: run the program iprog; output is1; output is2; set the margins using mgc, smgl, and smgr; set the tabs using tbc and hts; print the file if; and finally output is3. This is usually done using the init option of tput; see profile(M).
Most initialization is done with is2.
Special terminal modes can be set up without duplicating strings
by putting the common sequences in is2
and special cases in is1 and is3.
Sequences that do a harder reset from a totally unknown state
can be given as rs1, rs2, rf,
and rs3, analogous to is1, is2,
is3, and if.
(The method using files, if and rf,
is used for a few terminals, from /usr/lib/tabset/;
however, the recommended method is to use the initialization and reset
strings.)
These strings are output by tput reset,
which is used when the terminal gets into a wedged state.
Commands are normally placed in rs1, rs2,
rs3, and rf
only if they produce annoying effects on the screen and are not
necessary when logging in.
For example, the command to set a terminal into 80-column mode would normally be part of is2, but on some terminals it causes an annoying glitch on the screen and is not normally needed since the terminal is usually already in 80-column mode.
If a more complex sequence is needed to set the tabs than can be described by using tbc and hts, the sequence can be placed in is2 or if.
Any margin can be cleared with mgc. (For instructions on how to specify commands to set and clear margins, see ``Margins'' under ``Part 2: Printer capabilities'').
If escape sequences and other special commands, such as tab, work while in the status line, the flag eslok can be given. A string which turns off the status line (or otherwise erases its contents) should be given as dsl. If the terminal has commands to save and restore the position of the cursor, give them as sc and rc. The status line is normally assumed to be the same width as the rest of the screen, for example, cols. If the status line is a different width (possibly because the terminal does not allow an entire line to be loaded) the width, in columns, can be indicated with the numeric parameter wsl.
| Glyph name | vt100+ |
|---|---|
| character | |
| arrow pointing right | + |
| arrow pointing left | , |
| arrow pointing down | . |
| solid square block | 0 |
| lantern symbol | I |
| arrow pointing up | - |
| diamond | ` |
| checker board (stipple) | a |
| degree symbol | f |
| plus/minus | g |
| board of squares | h |
| lower right corner | j |
| upper right corner | k |
| upper left corner | l |
| lower left corner | m |
| plus | n |
| scan line 1 | o |
| horizontal line | q |
| scan line 9 | s |
| left tee (|-) | t |
| right tee (-|) | u |
bottom tee ( )
| v |
top tee ( )
| w |
| vertical line | x |
| bullet | ~ |
| Glyph name | vt100+ | new tty |
|---|---|---|
| character | character | |
| upper left corner | l | R |
| lower left corner | m | F |
| upper right corner | k | T |
| lower right corner | j | G |
| horizontal line | q | , |
| vertical line | x | . |
In addition, terminfo allows you to define multiple character sets. See ``Alternate character sets'' for details.
The Tektronix method uses a set of N predefined colors (usually 8) from which a user can select ``current'' foreground and background colors. Thus the terminal can support up to N colors mixed into N*N color-pairs to be displayed on the screen at the same time.
The HP method restricts the user from defining the foreground independently of the background, or vice-versa. Instead, the user must define an entire color-pair at once. Up to M color-pairs, made from 2*M different colors, can be defined this way.
The numeric variables colors and pairs define the number of colors and color-pairs that can be displayed on the screen at the same time. If a terminal can change the definition of a color (for example, the Tektronix 4100 and 4200 series terminals can do this), this should be specified with ccc (can change color). To change the definition of a color (Tektronix method), use initc (initialize color). It requires four arguments: color number (ranging from 0 to colors-1) and three RGB (red, green, and blue) values (ranging from 0 to 1,000).
Tektronix 4100 series terminals use a type of color notation called HLS (Hue Lightness Saturation) instead of RGB color notation. For such terminals one must define a boolean variable hls. The last three arguments to the initc string would then be HLS values: H, ranging from 0 to 360; and L and S, ranging from 0 to 100.
If a terminal can change the definitions of colors, but uses a color notation different from RGB and HLS, a mapping to either RGB or HLS must be developed.
To set current foreground or background to a given color, use setf (set foreground) and setb (set background). They require one parameter: the number of the color. To initialize a color-pair (HP method), use initp (initialize pair). It requires seven parameters: the number of a color-pair (range = 0 to pairs-1), and six RGB values: three for the foreground followed by three for the background. (Each of these groups of three should be in the order RGB.) When initc or initp are used, RGB or HLS arguments should be in the order ``red, green, blue'' or ``hue, lightness, saturation''), respectively. To make a color-pair current, use scp (set color-pair). It takes one parameter, the number of a color-pair.
Some terminals (for example, most color terminal emulators for PCs) erase areas of the screen with current background color. In such cases, bce (background color erase) should be defined. The variable op (original pair) contains a sequence for setting the foreground and the background colors to what they were at the terminal start-up time. Similarly, oc (original colors) contains a control sequence for setting all colors (for the Tektronix method) or color-pairs (for the HP method) to the values they had at the terminal start-up time.
Some color terminals substitute color for video attributes. Such video attributes should not be combined with colors. Information about these video attributes should be packed into the ncv (no color video) variable. There is a one-to-one correspondence between the nine least significant bits of that variable and the video attributes. The following table depicts this correspondence.
| Attribute | NCV Bit |
|---|---|
| number | |
| A_STANDOUT | 0 |
| A_UNDERLINE | 1 |
| A_REVERSE | 2 |
| A_BLINK | 3 |
| A_DIM | 4 |
| A_BOLD | 5 |
| A_INVIS | 6 |
| A_PROTECT | 7 |
| A_ALTCHARSET | 8 |
If the terminal can move up or down half a line, this can be indicated with hu (half-line up) and hd (half-line down). This is primarily useful for superscripts and subscripts on hardcopy terminals. If a hardcopy terminal can eject to the next page (form feed), give this as ff (usually control L).
If there is a command to repeat a given character a given number of times (to save time transmitting a large number of identical characters) this can be indicated with the parameterized string rep. The first parameter is the character to be repeated and the second is the number of times to repeat it. Thus, tparm(repeat_char, 'x', 10) is the same as xxxxxxxxxx.
If the terminal has a settable command character, such as the Tektronix 4025, this can be indicated with cmdch. A prototype command character is chosen which is used in all capabilities. This character is given in the cmdch capability to identify it. The following convention is supported on some UNIX systems: If the environment variable CC exists, all occurrences of the prototype character are replaced with the character in CC.
Terminal descriptions that do not represent a specific kind of known terminal, such as switch, dialup, patch, and network, should include the gn (generic) capability so that programs can complain that they do not know how to talk to the terminal. (This capability does not apply to virtual terminal descriptions for which the escape sequences are known.) If the terminal is one of those supported by the UNIX system virtual terminal protocol, the terminal number can be given as vt. A line-turn-around sequence to be transmitted before doing reads should be specified in rfi.
If the terminal uses xon/xoff handshaking for flow control, give xon. Padding information should still be included so that routines can make better decisions about costs, but actual pad characters will not be transmitted. Sequences to turn on and off xon/xoff handshaking may be given in smxon and rmxon. If the characters used for handshaking are not ^S and ^Q, they may be specified with xonc and xoffc.
If the terminal has a ``meta key'' which acts as a shift key, setting the 8th bit of any character transmitted, this fact can be indicated with km. Otherwise, software will assume that the 8th bit is parity and it will usually be cleared. If strings exist to turn this ``meta mode'' on and off, they can be given as smm and rmm.
If the terminal has more lines of memory than will fit on the screen at once, the number of lines of memory can be indicated with lm. A value of lm#0 indicates that the number of lines is not fixed, but that there is still more memory than fits on the screen.
Media copy strings which control an auxiliary printer connected to the terminal can be given as mc0: print the contents of the screen, mc4: turn off the printer, and mc5: turn on the printer. When the printer is on, all text sent to the terminal will be sent to the printer. A variation, mc5p, takes one parameter, and leaves the printer on for as many characters as the value of the parameter, then turns the printer off. The parameter should not exceed 255. If the text is not displayed on the terminal screen when the printer is on, specify mc5i (silent printer). All text, including mc4, is transparently passed to the printer while an mc5p is in effect.
Terminals which can not display tilde (~) characters, such as certain Hazeltine terminals, should indicate hz.
Terminals which ignore a linefeed immediately after an am wrap, such as the Concept 100, should indicate xenl. Those terminals whose cursor remains on the right-most column until another character has been received, rather than wrapping immediately upon receiving the right-most character, such as the VT100, should also indicate xenl.
If el is required to get rid of standout (instead of writing normal text on top of it), xhp should be given.
Those Teleray terminals whose tabs turn all characters moved over to blanks, should indicate xt (destructive tabs). This capability is also taken to mean that it is not possible to position the cursor on top of a ``magic cookie'' therefore, to erase standout mode, it is instead necessary to use delete and insert line.
Those Beehive Superbee terminals which do not transmit the escape or control-C characters, should specify xsb, indicating that the <F1> key is to be used for escape and the <F2> key for <Ctrl>c.
defines an AT&T 4424 terminal that does not have the rev, sgr, and smul capabilities, and hence cannot do highlighting. This is useful for different modes for a terminal, or for different user preferences. More than one use capability may be given.att4424-2|Teletype 4424 in display function group ii, rev@, sgr@, smul@, use=att4424,
All printers are assumed to be capable of printing with a uniform horizontal and vertical resolution. The view of printing that the terminfo currently presents is one of printing inside a uniform matrix: All characters are printed at fixed positions relative to each ``cell'' in the matrix; furthermore, each cell has the same size given by the smallest horizontal and vertical step sizes dictated by the resolution. (The cell size can be changed as will be seen later.)
Many printers are capable of ``proportional printing'', where the horizontal spacing depends on the size of the character last printed. The terminfo does not make use of this capability, although it does provide enough capability definitions to allow an application to simulate proportional printing.
A printer must not only be able to print characters as close together as the horizontal and vertical resolutions suggest, but also of ``moving'' to a position an integral multiple of the smallest distance away from a previous position. Thus printed characters can be spaced apart a distance that is an integral multiple of the smallest distance, up to the length or width of a single page.
Some printers can have different resolutions depending on different ``modes''. In ``normal mode'', the existing terminfo capabilities are assumed to work on columns and lines, just like a video terminal. Thus the old lines capability would give the length of a page in lines, and the cols capability would give the width of a page in columns. In ``micro mode'', many terminfo capabilities work on increments of lines and columns. With some printers the micro mode may be concomitant with normal mode, so that all the capabilities work at the same time.
Specification of printer resolution
| Characteristic | Number of smallest steps |
|---|---|
| orhi | Steps per inch horizontally |
| orvi | Steps per inch vertically |
| orc | Steps per column |
| orl | Steps per line |
Specification of printer resolution
| Automatic motion after printing | |
|---|---|
| Normal Mode:. | |
| orc | Steps moved horizontally |
| orl | Steps moved vertically |
| Micro Mode: | |
| mcs | Steps moved horizontally |
| mls | Steps moved vertically |
Specification of printer resolution
| Automatic motion after printing wide character | |
|---|---|
| Normal Mode or Micro Mode (mcs = orc): | |
| widcs | Steps moved horizontally |
| Micro Mode (mcs < orc): | |
| mcs | Steps moved horizontally |
There may be control sequences to change the number of columns per inch (the character pitch) and to change the number of lines per inch (the line pitch). If these are used, the resolution of the printer changes, but the type of change depends on the printer:
Specification of printer resolution
| Changing the character/line pitches | |
|---|---|
| cpi | Change character pitch |
| cpix | If set, cpi changes orhi, otherwise changes orc |
| lpi | Change line pitch |
| lpix | If set, lpi changes orvi, otherwise changes orl |
| chr | Change steps per column |
| cvr | Change steps per line |
The cpi and lpi string capabilities are each used with a single argument, the pitch in columns (or characters) and lines per inch, respectively. The chr and cvr string capabilities are each used with a single argument, the number of steps per column and line, respectively.
Using any of the control sequences in these strings will imply a
change in some of the values of
orc, orhi, orl, and orvi.
Also, the distance moved when a wide character is printed,
widcs, changes in relation to orc.
The distance moved when a character is printed in micro mode,
mcs, changes similarly, with one exception:
if the distance is 0 or 1, then no change is assumed
(see item marked with in the following table).
Programs that use cpi, lpi, chr, or cvr should recalculate the printer resolution (and should recalculate other values -- see ``Effect of changing printing resolution'').
Specification of printer resolution
| Effects of changing the character/line pitches | |
|---|---|
| Before | After |
| Using cpi with cpix clear: | |
| orhi' | orhi |
| orc' | orc = orhi / Vcpi |
| Using cpi with cpix set: | |
| orhi' |
orhi = orc Vcpi
|
| orc' | orc |
| Using lpi with lpix clear: | |
| orvi' | orvi |
| orl' | orl = orvi / Vlpi |
| Using lpi with lpix set: | |
| orvi' |
orvi = orl Vlpi
|
| orl' | orl |
| Using chr: | |
| orhi' | orhi |
| orc' | Vchr |
| Using cvr: | |
| orvi' | orvi |
| orl' | Vcvr |
| Using cpi or chr: | |
| widcs' |
widcs = widcs' orc / orc'
|
|
mcs'
|
mcs = mcs' orc / orc'
|
Vcpi, Vlpi, Vchr, and Vcvr
are the arguments used with
cpi, lpi, chr, and cvr respectively.
The mark indicates the old value.
terminfo has string capabilities for control sequences that cause movement a number of full columns or lines. It also has equivalent string capabilities for control sequences that cause movement a number of smallest steps.
| String capabilities for motion | |
|---|---|
| mcub1 | Move 1 step left |
| mcuf1 | Move 1 step right |
| mcuu1 | Move 1 step up |
| mcud1 | Move 1 step down |
| mcub | Move N steps left |
| mcuf | Move N steps right |
| mcuu | Move N steps up |
| mcud | Move N steps down |
| mhpa | Move N steps from the left |
| mvpa | Move N steps from the top |
Sometimes the motion is limited to less than the width or length of a page. Also, some printers do not accept absolute motion to the left of the current position. terminfo has capabilities for specifying these limits.
| Limits to motion | |
|---|---|
| mjump | Limit on use of mcub1, mcuf1, mcuu1, mcud1 |
| maddr | Limit on use of mhpa, mvpa |
| xhpa | If set, hpa and mhpa can't move left |
| xvpa | If set, vpa and mvpa can't move up |
| Entering/Exiting micro mode | |
|---|---|
| smicm | Enter micro mode |
| rmicm | Exit micro mode |
| crxm | Using cr exits micro mode |
| What happens after character printed in rightmost position | |
|---|---|
| sam | Automatic move to beginning of same line |
| Entering/Exiting reverse modes | |
|---|---|
| slm | Reverse sense of horizontal motions |
| rlm | Restore sense of horizontal motions |
| sum | Reverse sense of vertical motions |
| rum | Restore sense of vertical motions |
| While sense of horizontal motions reversed: | |
| mcub1 | Move 1 step right |
| mcuf1 | Move 1 step left |
| mcub | Move N steps right |
| mcuf | Move N steps left |
| cub1 | Move 1 column right |
| cuf1 | Move 1 column left |
| cub | Move N columns right |
| cuf | Move N columns left |
| While sense of vertical motions reversed: | |
| mcuu1 | Move 1 step down |
| mcud1 | Move 1 step up |
| mcuu | Move N steps down |
| mcud | Move N steps up |
| cuu1 | Move 1 line down |
| cud1 | Move 1 line up |
| cuu | Move N lines down |
| cud | Move N lines up |
The action when any other motion capabilities are used in reverse motion modes is not defined; thus, programs must exit reverse motion modes before using other motion capabilities.
Two miscellaneous capabilities complete the list of new motion capabilities. One of these is needed for printers that move the current position to the beginning of a line when certain control characters, like ``line-feed'' or ``form-feed'', are used. The other is used for the capability of suspending the motion that normally occurs after printing a character.
| Miscellaneous motion strings | |
|---|---|
| docr | List of control characters causing cr |
| zerom | Prevent auto motion after printing next single |
| character | |
| Setting | Margins |
|---|---|
| smgl | Set left margin at current column |
| smgr | Set right margin at current column |
| smgb | Set soft bottom margin at current line |
| smgt | Set soft top margin at current line |
| smgbp | Set soft bottom margin at line N |
| smglp | Set soft left margin at column N |
| smgrp | Set soft right margin at column N |
| smgtp | Set soft top margin at line N |
Note that not all printers use 0 for the top line or the leftmost column.
All margins can be cleared with mgc.
| Enhanced printing | |
|---|---|
| sshm | Enter shadow-printing mode |
| rshm | Exit shadow-printing mode |
| sitm | Enter italicizing mode |
| ritm | Exit italicizing mode |
| swidm | Enter wide character mode |
| rwidm | Exit wide character mode |
| ssupm | Enter superscript mode |
| rsupm | Exit superscript mode |
| supcs | List of characters available as superscripts |
| ssubm | Enter subscript mode |
| rsubm | Exit subscript mode |
| subcs | List of characters available as subscripts |
Note that terminfo also has a capability for printing emboldened text (bold). While shadow printing and emboldened printing are similar in that they ``darken'' the text, many printers produce these two types of print in slightly different ways. Generally, emboldened printing is done by overstriking the same character one or more times. Shadow printing likewise usually involves overstriking, but with a slight movement up and/or to the side so that the character is ``fatter''.
It is assumed that enhanced printing modes are independent modes, so that it would be possible, for instance, to shadow print italicized subscripts.
As mentioned earlier, the amount of motion automatically made after printing a wide character should be given in widcs.
If only a subset of the printable ASCII characters can be printed as superscripts or subscripts, they should be listed in supcs or subcs strings, respectively. If the ssupm or ssubm strings contain control sequences, but the corresponding supcs or subcs strings are empty, it is assumed that all printable ASCII characters are available as superscripts or subscripts.
Automatic motion made after printing a superscript or subscript
is assumed to be the same as for regular characters.
Thus, for example, printing any of the following three examples
will result in equivalent motion:
Bi B[i] B[i]
Note that the existing msgr boolean capability describes whether motion control sequences can be used while in ``standout mode''. This capability is extended to cover the enhanced printing modes added here. msgr should be set for those printers that accept any motion control sequences without affecting shadow, italicized, widened, superscript, or subscript printing. Conversely, if msgr is not set, a program should end these modes before attempting any motion.
| Alternate character sets | |
|---|---|
| scs | Select character set N |
| scsd | Start definition of character set N, M characters |
| defc | Define character A, B dots wide, descender D |
| rcsd | End definition of character set N |
| csnm | List of character set names |
| daisy | Printer has manually changed print-wheels |
Character set 0 is the default character set present after the printer has been initialized. Not every printer has 64 character sets, of course; using scs with an argument that does not select an available character set should cause a null result from tparm().
If a character set has to be defined before it can be used, the scsd control sequence is to be used before defining the character set, and the rcsd is to be used after. They should also cause a null result from tparm() when used with an argument N that doesn't apply. If a character set still has to be selected after being defined, the scs control sequence should follow the rcsd control sequence. By examining the results of using each of the scs, scsd, and rcsd strings with a character set number in a call to tparm(), a program can determine which of the three are needed.
Between use of the scsd and rcsd strings, the defc string should be used to define each character. To print any character on printers covered by terminfo, the ASCII code is sent to the printer. This is true for characters in an alternate set as well as ``normal'' characters. Thus the definition of a character includes the ASCII code that represents it. In addition, the width of the character in dots is given, along with an indication of whether the character should descend below the print line (like the lower case letter ``g'' in most character sets). The width of the character in dots also indicates the number of image-data bytes that will follow the defc string. These image-data bytes indicate where in a dot-matrix pattern ink should be applied to ``draw'' the character; the number of these bytes and their form are defined below under ``Dot-matrix graphics''.
It is easiest for the creator of terminfo entries to refer to each character set by number; however, these numbers will be meaningless to the application developer. The csnm string alleviates this problem by providing names for each number.
When used with a character set number in a call to tparm(), the csnm string will produce the equivalent name. These names should be used as a reference only. No naming convention is implied, although anyone who creates a terminfo entry for a printer should use names consistent with the names found in user documents for the printer. Application developers should allow a user to specify a character set by number (leaving it up to the user to examine the csnm string to determine the correct number), or by name, where the application examines the csnm string to determine the corresponding character set number.
These capabilities are likely to be used only with dot-matrix printers. If they are not available, the strings should not be defined. For printers that have manually changed print-wheels or font cartridges, the boolean daisy is set.
| Dot-matrix graphics | |
|---|---|
| npins | Number of pins, N, in print-head |
| spinv | Spacing of pins vertically in pins per inch |
| spinh | Spacing of dots horizontally in dots per inch |
| porder | Matches software bits to print-head pins |
| sbim | Start printing bit image graphics, B bits wide |
| rbim | End printing bit image graphics |
The model of dot-matrix or raster-graphics that the terminfo presents is similar to the technique used for most dot-matrix printers: each pass of the printer's print-head is assumed to produce a dot-matrix that is N dots high and B dots wide. This is typically a wide, squat, rectangle of dots. The height of this rectangle in dots will vary from one printer to the next; this is given in the npins numeric capability. The size of the rectangle in fractions of an inch will also vary; it can be deduced from the spinv and spinh numeric capabilities. With these three values an application can divide a complete raster-graphics image into several horizontal strips, perhaps interpolating to account for different dot spacing vertically and horizontally.
The sbim and rbim strings are used to start and end a dot-matrix image, respectively. The sbim string is used with a single argument that gives the width of the dot-matrix in dots. A sequence of ``image-data bytes'' are sent to the printer after the sbim string and before the rbim string. The number of bytes is an integral multiple of the width of the dot-matrix; the multiple and the form of each byte is determined by the porder string as described below.
The porder string is a comma separated list of pin numbers; the position of each pin number in the list corresponds to a bit in a data byte. The pins are numbered consecutively from 1 to npins, with 1 being the top pin. Note that the term ``pin'' is used loosely here; ``ink-jet'' dot-matrix printers do not have pins, but can be considered to have an equivalent method of applying a single dot of ink to paper. The bit positions in porder are in groups of 8, with the first position in each group the most significant bit and the last position the least significant bit.
The ``image-data bytes'' are to be computed from the dot-matrix image, mapping vertical dot positions in each print-head pass into eight-bit bytes, using a 1 bit where ink should be applied and 0 where no ink should be applied. If a position is skipped in porder, a 0 bit is used. There must be a multiple of 8 bit positions used or skipped in porder; if not, 0 bits are used to fill the last byte in the least significant bits.
| Dot-matrix graphics | |
|---|---|
| Changing the character/line pitches | |
| cpi | Change character pitch |
| cpix | If set, cpi changes spinh |
| lpi | Change line pitch |
| lpix | If set, lpi changes spinv |
| Dot-matrix graphics | |
|---|---|
| Effects of changing the character/line pitches | |
| Before | After |
| Using cpi with cpix clear: | |
| spinh' | spinh |
| Using cpi with cpix set: | |
| spinh' |
spinh = spinh' orhi / orhi'
|
| Using lpi with lpix clear: | |
| spinv' | spinv |
| Using lpi with lpix set: | |
| spinv' |
spinv = spinv' orhi / orhi'
|
|
| |
| Using chr: | |
| spinh' | spinh |
| Using cvr: | |
| spinv' | spinv |
| Print quality | |
|---|---|
| snlq | Set near-letter quality print |
| snrmq | Set normal quality print |
| sdrfq | Set draft quality print |
| Print rate/buffer size | |
|---|---|
| cps | Nominal print rate in characters per second |
| bufsz | Buffer capacity in characters |
As an example, if a printer has a 1000-character buffer, then sending the letter ``a'' followed by 1000 additional characters is guaranteed to cause the letter ``a'' to print. If the same printer prints at the rate of 100 characters per second, then it should take 10 seconds to print all the characters in the buffer, less if the buffer is not full. By keeping track of the characters sent to a printer, and knowing the print rate and buffer size, a program can synchronize itself with the printer.
Note that most printer manufacturers advertise the maximum print rate, not the nominal print rate. A good way to get a value to put in for cps is to generate a few pages of text, count the number of printable characters, then see how long it takes to print the text.
Applications that use these values should recognize the variability in the print rate. Straight text, in short lines, with no embedded control sequences will probably print at close to the advertised print rate and probably faster than the rate in cps. Graphics data with a lot of control sequences, or very long lines of text, will print at well below the advertised rate and below the rate in cps. If the application is using cps to decide how long it should take a printer to print a block of text, the application should pad the estimate. If the application is using cps to decide how much text has already been printed, it should shrink the estimate. The application will thus err in favor of the user, who wants, above all, to see all the output in its correct place.
If a null character (\0) is encountered in a string, the null and all characters after it are lost. Therefore it is not possible to code a null character (\0) and send it to a device (either terminal or printer). The suggestion of sending a \0200, where a \0 (null) is needed can succeed only if the device (terminal or printer) ignores the eighth bit. For example, because all eight bits are used in the standard international ASCII character set, devices that adhere to this standard will treat \0200 differently from \0.
Tampering with entries in
/usr/lib/.COREterm/?/
or
/usr/lib/terminfo/?/
(for example, changing or removing an entry) can affect
programs such as
vi
that expect the entry to be present and correct.
In particular, removing the description
for the ``dumb'' terminal will cause
unexpected problems.