fuser Command

Purpose

Identifies processes using a file or file structure.

Syntax

fuser [[-c | -f ][-x ] |-d ] [ -k | -K { SignalNumber | SignalName }] [ -u ] [ -V ]File ...

Description

The fuser command lists the process numbers of local processes that use the local or remote files specified by the File parameter. For block special devices, the command lists the processes that use any file on that device.

Each process number is followed by a letter indicating how the process uses the file:

Item	Description
c	Uses the file as the current directory.
e	Uses the file as a program's executable object.
r	Uses the file as the root directory.
s	Uses the file as a shared library (or other loadable object).

The process numbers are written to standard output in a line with spaces between process numbers. A new line character is written to standard error after the last output for each file operand. All other output is written to standard error.

The fuser command will not detect processes that have mmap regions where that associated file descriptor has since been closed. Also, processes using FIFOs (named pipes) will not be detected until the FIFO is fully opened. For example, a process waiting for an open system call to complete will not be seen by the fuser command.

Flags

Item	Description
-c	Reports on any open files in the file system containing File.
-d	Reports on any open files which have been unlinked (deleted) from the file system containing File. When used in conjunction with the -V flag, it also reports the inode number and size of the deleted file.
-f	Reports on open instances of File only.
-K SignalNumber \| SignalName	Sends the specified signal to each local process. Only the root user can kill a process of another user. Signal can be specified as either a SignalName, such as KILL for the SIGKILL signal or a SignalNumber, such as 9. Valid values for SignalName are those which are displayed by the kill -l command.
-k	Sends the SIGKILL signal to each local process. Only the root user can kill a process of another user. Note: fuser -k or -K might not be able to detect and kill new processes that are created immediately after the program starts to run.
-u	Provides the login name for local processes in parentheses after the process number.
-V	Provides verbose output.
-x	Used in conjunction with -c or -f, reports on executable and loadable objects in addition to the standard fuser output.

Security

Attention RBAC users and Trusted AIX users: This command can perform privileged operations. Only privileged users can run privileged operations. For more information about authorizations and privileges, see Privileged Command Database in AIX® Version 7.1 Security. For a list of privileges and the authorizations associated with this command, see the lssecattr command or the getcmdattr subcommand.

Examples

To list the process numbers of local processes using the /etc/passwd file, enter:
```
fuser /etc/passwd
```
To list the process numbers and user login names of processes using the /etc/filesystems file, enter:
```
fuser -u /etc/filesystems
```
To terminate all of the processes using a given file system, enter:
```
fuser -k -x -u -c /dev/hd1 
```
or
```
fuser -kxuc /home
```
Either command lists the process number and user name, and then terminates each process that is using the /dev/hd1 (/home) file system. Only the root user can terminate processes that belong to another user. You might want to use this command if you are trying to unmount the /dev/hd1 file system and a process that is accessing the /dev/hd1 file system prevents this.
To list all processes that are using a file which has been deleted from a given file system, enter:
```
fuser -d /usr
```

Files

Item	Description
/dev/kmem	Used for the system image.
/dev/mem	Also used for the system image.