Stanza(3tlib)

Stanza -- interfaces for managing Stanza files

Synopsis

StanzaOpen stanzaFile mode
StanzaClose stanzaHandle
StanzaPrint stanzaHandle
StanzaSync stanzaHandle
StanzaCallbacks stanzaFile beginCB endCB attrCB
StanzaFilenamestanzaHandle

StanzaGetSects stanzaHandle
StanzaAddSect stanzaHandle sect
StanzaModSect stanzaHandle oldSectName newSectName
StanzaDelSect stanzaHandle sect

StanzaGetAttrs stanzaHandle sect
StanzaAddAttr stanzaHandle sect attr
StanzaModAttr stanzaHandle sect oldAttr newAttr
StanzaDelAttr stanzaHandle sect attr

StanzaGetVals stanzaHandle sect attr
StanzaAddValue stanzaHandle sect attr value
StanzaModValue stanzaHandle sect attr oldValue newValue
StanzaDelValue stanzaHandle sect attr value
StanzaReplaceValue stanzaHandle sect attr values
StanzaModIdxValue stanzaHandle sect attr index newValue

Description

The stanza functions implement a three-level hierarchical database for textual information which is stored in a human-readable file, the format of which is described below. A stanza file consists of zero or more sections, each of which contains zero or more attributes. Attributes in turn consist of zero or move values. Stanza files are automatically locked so that only one process at a time can modify a given file.

File operations

StanzaOpen

opens a stanza file, reads it into memory, and returns a stanza handle. If the file is opened for writing (using the STZ_RDWR or STZ_WRONLY flags) and another process has the same file open for writing, the open will not return until the other process has closed the file. An error is thrown if there is an error opening the file, if there is a syntax error in the file, or if there is a problem opening a lock file.

StanzaClose

writes the stanza file to disk if it was modified, and frees up the stanza handle. An error will occur if there was an error opening a temporary file, writing the new version of the file, or moving the temporary file to the new file.

StanzaSync

updates the stanza file on disk while keeping the stanza handle available for further modification. An error will occur if there was an error opening a temporary file, writing the new version of the file, or moving the temporary file to the new file.

StanzaCallbacks

opens a stanza file and calls user defined callbacks for beginning, end, and attributes of each stanza section.

The Tcl callbacks are called with the following arguments:

   beginCB sect
   endCB
   attrCB attr value

An error is thrown if there is an error opening the file, if there is a syntax error in the file, or if there is a problem opening a lock file.

Stanza File Data Operations

Sections

StanzaGetSects
returns a Tcl list of sections found in the stanza file associated with the given stanza handle.

StanzaAddSect
adds a section to the stanza file specified with the given stanza handle. An error is thrown if the section already exists.

StanzaModSect
change the name of the section in the stanza file specified with the given stanza handle.
An error is thrown if the section does not exist.

StanzaDelSect
deletes the section found in a stanza file associated with the given stanza handle.
An error is thrown if the section does not exist.
Attributes

StanzaGetAttrs
get the attributes associated with a given section. An error is thrown if the section does not exist.

StanzaAddAttr
add an attribute to a specified section. An error is thrown if the section does not exist or if the attribute already exists.

StanzaModAttr
modify an attribute associated with a given stanza section. An error is thrown if either the section or attribute does not exist.

StanzaDelAttr
delete an attribute associated with a given section. An error is thrown if either the section or attribute does not exist.
Values

StanzaGetVals
get a Tcl list of values associated with a given section and attribute. An error is thrown if either the section or attribute does not exist.

StanzaAddValue
add a Tcl value to the list associated with the specified section and attribute.An error is thrown if either the section or attribute does not exist, or the value already exists.

StanzaModValue
replace the given value under the given section and attribute with the new value. An error is thrown if the section, attribute, or value does not exist.

StanzaDelValue
delete the specified value from the specified attribute. An error is thrown if the section, attribute, or value does not exist.

StanzaReplaceValue
replace all values assigned to the given section and attribute with the new list of values. An error is thrown if either the section or the attribute does not exist.

StanzaModIdxValue
for the given section and attribute, replace the nth value with the given new value, where n is the given index, starting with 0 for the first value. An error is thrown if either the section or the attribute does not exist, or if the index is too high for the number of values.

Arguments

stanzaFile

pathname of stanza database file.

mode - open mode

this defines the way the Stanza manager interacts with the file:

   STZ_RDONLY - read only
   STZ_RDWR  - read and write
   STZ_WRONLY - write only
   STZ_NOTAB - equivalent to STZ_RDWR, but the file will
   be written with no tabs before the attributes lines,
   which is a requirement for certain files in /etc/default.

stanzaHandle

file handle returned by StanzaOpen.

sect

Stanza section name.

attr

Stanza attribute name within a section.

value

value assigned to an attribute. Can be a list.

index

index into a list of values associated with an attribute.

beginCB

user-defined callback function for begin of section.

endCB

user-defined callback function for end of section.

attrCB

user-defined callback function for attributes.

File Format

A stanza file is line-oriented, consisting of zero or more section lines in the format

<section-name>:"

Each section line is followed by zero or more attribute lines in the format

<attribute-name> = <value1>, <value2>, <value3> ...

The convention is for the attribute line to be preceded by a tab, but this is not necessary. White space is stripped from the beginning and end of strings but not within them.

The sections, attributes, and values can use any ASCII character, but a few characters and sequences are special, as described below. When using the stanza functions, special characters do not need to be escaped because they will be escaped automatically when the file is written.

\

escapes any special character including another \. At the end of a line, it causes the next line to be interpreted as part of the current line but doesn't stand for any value in itself. If \ is followed by a nonspecial character, it stands for the value of the nonspecial character.

\0nnn

(where nnn is an octal number from 1 to 377) is the character with the value nnn. All three digits are not required.

\0xnn

is the character with the value nn (where nn is a hex number from 1 to FF). Both digits are not required.

\n

stands for newline (value 10)

\t

stands for tab (value 9)

,

is the delimiter between values

=

is the delimiter between an attribute and its values

:

denotes the end of a section name

''

Double quotes around a string will escape all special characters in that string

#

Denotes the beginning of a comment; all characters from the # to the end of the line will be ignored. The ``#'' can be anywhere within the line

Here is a stanza file showing some examples of the above:

   section1:
           attrib1 = value1, value2
           attrib2 = this is all one value  # spaces aren't special
   	within value
           attrib3 = "value, with, commas"
           attrib4 = another\, way\, to\, escape\, commas
   section 2:                         # sections can contain spaces too
           long value = if we want a value to be very long but we want \
   to split it up into lines we can use a \\ at the end of the line\, but \
   if we want a literal \\ we have to escape it.
           another value = \"quotes can be part of the value too if you \
   escape them\"

References

SaScreenPolicy(3tlib), Error(3tlib).